The Internal Armed Conflict in Colombia

Violence
1. Consequences
  1. Social and Political Division
  2. Insecurity, Inequality and Poverty
  3. Diminished and Disorganized Development
  4. Weak institutionality with structural problems
  5. Disliability of the State
  6. Violations to Human Rights
  7. Unreliability of democracy and justice
  8. Psychological impact for the younger generations
Origins
1. Aggravating Factor
  1. Drug Industry and Narcotraffic
    1. Illegal Crops
    2. Drug Lords
    3. Terrorism
    4. Drug War
    5. The armed conflict mutated and changed its purposes because of narcotraffic
  2. Unreliability of The State and Its Institutions.
    1. Political Inequality
    2. Political Polarization
    3. General Distrust of government
    4. Lack of political involment and participation
    5. The State is unable to provide security and services.
    6. Corruption Issues
  3. Foreign Intervention
    1. United States has contributed to prolong the Armed conflict in Colombia throughout its military support over the XXth century.
2. Hard to define. Multiple cirscumbstancias contributed to the formation the conflict.
  1. The fight for possession and control of land
    1. Inequality
    2. Poor distribution of resources
    3. These Issues Remain Unresolved
  2. Ideological Causes
    1. Political differences and exclusion product of 'La Violencia' and The National Front (Political Polarization).
    2. Cold War ideology (Capitalism vs. Communism) supported the birth of rebel groups
Armed Actors
1. The State
  1. Public Force
    1. The Army
    2. The Navy
    3. The Police
    4. The Airforce
2. Illegal Armed Groups
  1. Guerillas
    1. FARC-EP
    2. ELN
    3. Movimiento Armado Quintín Lame
    4. EPL
    5. Comando Ricardo Franco Frente Sur
    6. M-19
  2. Paramilitaries
    1. CONVIVIR
    2. BACRIM
      1. Los Rastrojos
      2. Los Urabeños
      3. Las Águilas Negras
    3. AUC
    4. Grupo MAS
    5. ACCU
  3. Drug Cartels
    1. Cartel de Medellin
    2. Cartel del Norte del Valle
    3. Cartel de Cali
    4. Los Pepes
3. Brutality
  1. Intimidation strategy
  2. Is keystone of cruelty in the conflict
Peace in Colombia
1. Peace Processes in Colombia
  1. Current Peace Negotiations with FARC-EP
    1. Began 2012 in Oslo Norway; Later moved and established in Havana.
      1. Agenda
        Reform of the rural development
        Political Inclusion and participation
        Abandonment of weapons and cessation of violence
        Issues with the drug industry and the drug related crops
        Reparation and restitution of the Victims
  2. History of Peace processes
    1. 1989 -1990: Successful Peace process with M-19. Reintegration and Political participation
    2. 1991: Peace Agreements with EPL. Demobilized. Some militants remained active.
    3. 1984-1986: La Uribe Accords, Mets, with FARC-EP. Ceasefire. The UP party was created.
    4. 1991: The inidiginous Movement Quintín Lame Demobilized. They participated in the constituent assembly.
    5. 1991-1992: Caracas-Tlaxcala Peace Talks with CGSB (Coordinadora Guerrillera Simón Bolívar) (FARC, ELN, EPL). Discontinued.
    6. 1996-1998: La Puerta del Cielo Accord, Madrid, with ELN. Declared inviable after the preliminary accord was made public.
    7. 1998-2002: El Caguan Peace Negotiations with FARC. Demilitarized zone, FARC continued their attacks. Discontinued.
    8. 2002-2006: Ralito agreements with AUC. Massive demobilization of paramilitaries. Questioned on grounds of impunity. Said to mark the beginning of the BACRIM
2. Peace Building & Post Conflict
  1. Peace Process
    1. Peace Agreements
    2. Peace Negotiations
  2. Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration (DDR)
    1. Unite Society
    2. Contribute to Security and Stability
  3. Transitional justice
    1. Reparation and Reconciliation
      1. Victims
        Reinstate and Repair the Rights
    2. Criminal prosecutions
    3. Truth
  4. Reconstruction and Restoration of state and institutions
    1. Make the state able to provide Democracy, Justice and Security
    2. Make the state able to govern the territory
  5. Implies the Armed Actors AND the Civil Society
  6. Conflict Resolution
    1. Recognizing the Conflict
      1. Historic Memory
    2. Dialogue
  7. Intends to achieve a sustainable peace
Victims
1. All Kinds of Violence
  1. Human Rights Violations
  2. Combat Injuries/Amputations
  3. Terrorist’s attacks
  4. Sexual violence
  5. Kidnaping
  6. Forced Displacement
  7. Child Abuse
  8. Child Recruitment
  9. Selective Murder
  10. Political Persecution
  11. Massacres
  12. Mine Victims
2. Memory
3. Mostly Civilians

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The Internal Armed Conflict in Colombia

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	Erstellt von Felipe Fajardo vor etwa 9 Jahre