Endo Materials

Endo Materials

1. Direct pulp cap

   • Setting CaOH
   • Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA)
     • Similar to Portland cement
     • Powder + Water
       • Bismuth oxide = radio-opaque
     • Alkaline
       • Anti-bacterial
       • Encourages tertiary dentine deposition
     • Biocompatible

2. Irrigants

   • Sodium hypochlorite
     • Most effective
     • Extreme soft tissue irritant
       • Need rubber dam
       • Avoid with open apex & perforations
       • Don't extrude through root apex
     • Disinfects & Dissolves tissue from canal wall
   • also lubricates
   • Chlorhex
     • Non-irritant
       • Alternative if no rubber dam etc.
     • Disinfects canal
     • Not tissue dissolving

3. Lubricants

   • EDTA = glide

4. Intra-canal medicaments

   • Non-setting CaOH
     • Use
       • In between RCT appts.
       • Close open apex
         • MTA use more now
     • Bacteriocidal
   • MTA
     • Use
       • Repair perforation
       • Close open apex
         • Teeth with incomplete root development
           • Immature teeth
           • Trauma / lost vitality
         • Apicetomy
     • Biocompatible
     • Anti-bacterial
   • Poly-antimicrobial paste
     • e.g. Ledermix (not used now), Odontopaste (ZOE based)
     • reduce pulp inflammation to help pulp anaesthesia
     • Contains corticosteroids, sulphonamides, tetracyclines

5. Root filling

   • Bulk filling
     • Gutta percha
       • Composition
         • Gutta percha
         • Zinc oxide (radio-opaque)
         • Resins & waxes (plasticiser)
       • Thermoplastic
       • Crystalline forms
         • Beta form
           • = normal/most used GP
             • Stable & flexible at room temp.
             • Less adhesive & flowable when heated
         • Alpha form
           • = 'Thermoplastic GP'
             • Brittle at room temp
             • Gluey, adhesive, flowable when heated
     • Resilon
       • Thermoplastic synthetic polyester
       • Needs specific sealer & primer = Resilon-Epiphany
       • New (little evidence)
       • Similar handling to GP
   • Canal Sealers
     • ZOE
       • e.g. Grossman's sealer
     • CaOH
     • Resins
       • AH Plus
         • Epoxy-amine resin
         • Long WT, thin film, anti-microbial
         • Stains dentine (Ag)
         • Contains formeldehyde (toxic)
       • Diaket
         • Polyvinyl resin
         • Biocompatible
         • Shrinkage