Critical Thinking 2

Critical Thinking

1. Universal Intellectual Standards

   • What are they?
     • One of the two elements that constitute critical thinking, they represent the model you apply when working with a problem or an issue.
   • What are they used for?
     • They are used in our thinking, when we want to check the quality of our reasoning of an issue. We use them to evaluate how well we are treating the problem and its solutions.
   • Which are they?
     • Clarity: Easy to understand information.
     • Accuracy: Truthful and correct information.
     • Precision: Giving more details, give EXACT information.
     • Relevance: Information directly affects the issue, it directly helps to understand.
     • Depth: Intense and profound analysis.
     • Breadth: Amplitude of viewpoints on an idea.
     • Logic: Different concepts work together and support each other.
     • Significance: Being important to the issue.
     • Fairness: Information is unbiased.

2. Elements of Thought

   • What are they?
     • Model of thinking developed by Dr. Richard Paul to help us understand how we can divide up the different parts of thinking.
   • What are they used for?
     • To understand all the different parts and processes that our mind carries out when we think about anything.
   • Which are they?
     • Purpose: Goals, Objectives
     • Uses clear data, relevant to the question
     • Questions to solve problem
     • Based on assumptions
     • Interpretations to draw conclusion
     • Reasoning done from a point of view
     • Identify and explain key concepts
     • All reasoning has implications and consequences.

3. The problem of egocentric thinking:

   • Believing inaccurate intuitive perceptions
   • Self-centered psychological standards
   • It´s true because:
     • I believe it
     • I want to believe it
     • I have always believed it