Structure of the operating systems

Structure of the operating systems

1. Components

   • Process Management
     • The operating system is in charge of providing the services for the management of the processes
   • Memory Management
     • The system is responsible for managing the free and occupied space, it is also responsible for reporting how much of that memory is being occupied by a program and also say what processes can be used.
   • Input/Output System
     • Keep the specific characteristics of each device hidden, allowing the assembly and disassembly of devices together with their respective controllers.
   • Secondary Storage Management
     • The management of the RAM memory comes into play, where it allows data to be stored temporarily, where if a large file is saved it is saved on the hard disk.
   • File Subsystem
     • It provides a uniform view of all forms of storage, allows you to open, close and create files, as well as read and write them.
   • Protection System
     • They refer to the mechanics by which process access to resources is controlled, where if the system is maintained with multiple users, it prevents one user from accessing the files of others.

2. Operating System Services

   • It has to provide a program execution environment, where program execution, file manipulation, process communication, input and output, error handling are allowed.

3. System Structure

   • It has to allow the molding according to the needs of the user (easy to use, reliable, fast, etc ...) and the system (easy to design, implement and maintain, efficiency, etc ...).
     • Monolithic System
       • It does not have a defined structure, only a collection of procedures which one calls to another.
     • Layer System
       • They are organized in a hierarchy, is easier to fix than the monolithic, because the services are consumed from the layer 0, where if the service was not found goes to the next layer.
     • Micro Nucleus System
       • The processes are kept to a minimum, where communication between processes is managed, where the other processes are used by the users, is also scalable, so new services can be placed without the need to modify the core.