Unit 2 Mind Map

Diabetes

1. High blood sugar in body

   • Glucose = Sugar
     • Glucose gives body energy
       • Pancreas produces insulin
         • Insulin allows cells in body to absorb glucose
           • Body has energy
           • No insulin
             • Glucose is not absorbed
               • High blood sugar levels
                 • Hyperglycemia
                 • Weight loss
                 • Go to bathroom often
                 • Blurred vision
                 • Above 215 mg/Dl
                 • Headache
                 • Fatigue

2. Type 1

   • Most common in children
   • Insulin deficiency
     • Pancreas is not producing insulin
       • Results in high blood sugar levels
         • What you need to do.
           • Inject insulin into body
             • Too much insulin
               • Hypoglycemia
                 • Seizures
                 • Confusion
                 • Dizziness
           • Diet
           • Exercise

3. Food

   • Nutrients
     • Carbohydrates
       • Made up of saccharides
         • Organic compounds made up of sugar molecules
           • Sugar = Saccharide
             • one sugar is a monosaccharide
               • two sugar molecules are disaccharide
                 • more than two sugar molecules are polysaccharides
                   • Glycogen is a chain of glucose monomers
                     • Monomer is a single molecule
                     • Cellulose is a chain of glucose monomers
                       • Starch functions as a carbohydrate store
     • Lipids
       • Made up of fatty acids
         • Basically fats and oils
           • A fat has a three-carbon backbone called glycerol
             • Two types of fats
               • Saturated
                 • all three fatty acid chains contain the maximum number of hydrogen atoms.
               • Unsaturated
                 • Contains less than the maximum number of hydrogen atoms
                   • The atoms are double bonded
     • Proteins
       • Made up of amino acids
         • Consists of a carbon bonded to an amino group
           • When two amino acids bond it is called a polypeptide
             • In a line of protein monomers
               • Some are hydrophobic and some are hydrophollic
                 • Hydrophobic is not attracted to water
                   • Hydrophilic is attracted to water
                     • When heated up they expand and break
                       • This is called denaturation
                     • Hydrophilic sticks to hydrophilic
                   • Hydrophobic sticks to hydrophobic

4. Type 2

   • Adult onset diabetes
   • Pancreas produces insulin
     • Cell rejects it
       • Results in High Glucose levels
         • What you need to do.
           • Take drugs and doses of insulin
           • Exercise
           • Diet