Main mind map of reading

Main mind map of reading

1. DEVELOPING READING SKILLS

   • READING TECHNIQUES
     • inference
     • previewing
     • improving reading speed
     • motivation
     • Linking sentences and ideas
     • prediction
   • READING OBJECTIVES
     • Reading texts with comprehension
       • Main topic
       • Understand the purpose and function of the text
       • How this is developed from one paragraph to another
       • Meaning of sentences and their inter relationship
     • Guessing or using a dictionary
       • Select relevant information weigh up evidence and argument
       • Learn from the content
     • Reading flexibly
       • Scan
       • Skim
     • Reading with critical awareness

2. READING AS A SECOND LANGUAGE: L1 AND L2 PROCESSES

   • Bottom-Up Approaches
   • Top- Down Approaches
   • Interactive Approaches
   • Application of L1 Reading Models to L2 Reading
     • Reader's background knowledge interacts with conceptual abilities and process strategies to produce comprehension
     • Schema theory
       • Abstract knowledge structure
       • Process of relating information (text) with the existing schema in a reader
         • Bottom-up processing
         • Top- down processing
   • Differences between L1 and L2 Readers
     • Different word recognition strategies
     • L1 context cannot always be applied directly to the L2 context

3. How to teach English

   • Reading Principles
     • Encourage students to read
     • Encourage students to respond
     • Prediction
     • Match the task to the topic when using intensive reading texts
     • Exploit reading texts to the full
     • Students need to engaged with what they are reading
   • Encouraging students to read extensively
     • Choice - able to choice what they read
     • Feedback- comments from other
     • Library - collections of books
     • Time - give students time for reading

4. Reading Instruction Essential

   • Making Connections
     • Text-to-Text Connections
     • Text-to-World- Connections
     • Text-to-Self Connections
   • Learning to read
     • Recognise symbols and pattern of symbols
     • Understand the letter form words, meaning, written words
     • developed language skills and knowledge about reading
     • the connection between letters, words, and print
     • Early exposure to language
   • Developmentally Appropriate Practices for Teaching Reading
     • High interest books
     • Debate and discussion
     • Teacher must have a strong knowledge of both the characteristics of their students and multiple methods of teaching reading

5. Aims of Teaching Reading

   • Enable students to read with enjoyment
   • develop response to text
   • help develop pupils to become independent and mature readers
   • Help pupils read at appropriate speed
   • Help pupils read with adequate understanding
   • Help pupils read silently