Geography, topography and resources of Egypt and its neighbours

Geography, topography and resources of Egypt and its neighbours

1. The Nile (Iteru)

   • Three Seasons
     • Akhet - inundation
     • Peret - planting
     • Shemu - harvest
   • Main form of transportation
   • Cataracts formed natural boundary
   • Herodotus called Egypt "the gift of the Nile"
   • Provided natural resources - mud for bricks, papyrus for paper
   • Source of drinking water

2. Two Lands

   • Black Land (Kemet)
     • Upper Egypt (Ta-Shema) - narrow river valley
     • Lower Egypt (Ta-Mehu) - fertile Delta marshlands
     • Upper and Lower Egypt created the "two lands"
   • Red Land (Deshret) - Desert and cliffs

3. Resources

   • Crops
     • Barley
     • Emmer
   • Vegetables
     • Onions
     • Cucumbers
     • Lettuce
   • Fruits
     • Grapes
     • Figs
   • Animals
     • Sheep
     • Goats
   • Semi-precious Stones
     • Amethyst
     • agate
     • Carnelian
   • Metals
     • Copper
     • Gold
   • Natron
   • Reeds
     • Papyrus
     • Flax

4. Neighbours Resources

   • Lebanon
     • Cedar
   • Nubia
     • Gold
     • Ivory
     • Baboons
     • copper
   • Sinai
     • Turquoise
     • Copper
     • Malachite
   • Palestine
     • Cedar
     • Silver
   • Punt
     • Incense
     • Resin
     • Ebony
   • Afghanistan
     • Lapis lazuli
   • Naharin
     • Oil
     • Incense
     • copper
     • Gold
   • The Mediterranean
     • Olive Oil