representation of geographical features

representation of geographical features

1. topography

   • relief features such as mountains, hills, ridges, valleys and coastal plains
   • steep slope- sudden rise or fall of the land in a steep slope, suitable for construction of roads
   • gentle slope- gradual rise or fall of the land
   • hill- large mass of land that rises to a height above the surrounding area. the top is called a summit or peak.
   • plateau- large mass of comparatively flat land that rises abruptly from the surrounding area, surface is undulating and has steep slopes
   • ridge- narrow elongated hill with steep slopes, the top is not flat its has a number of small summits. a narrow and steep sided depression is called col. broad and low depression is saddle

2. contour lines

   • imaginary lines joining places which have the same height above the sea level. on topo maps the contour lines of a region are shown with brown lines
   • difference in height between two adjacent contour lines is called a contour interval
   • every fifth contour line is drawn bold, and is known as contour index
   • used to show the following-
     • height of the land
     • steepness of the slope
     • shape of the land

3. a settlement is a place where people build their houses and other necessary facilities it can range from small huts to big metropolian city

   • dispersed, nucleated, linear