Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Defining Deviance
- Norms
- behavioral codes/prescriptions
that guide people into actions
and self presentations that
conform to social acceptability
- 3 types or norms
Anmerkungen:
- conceptualized by William Sumner (1906)
- laws
Anmerkungen:
- strongest norms because
supported by social
sanctions
- if violated, arrested and punished (fines, imprisonment or death)
- regarded as necessary to maintain social order
- strongest norms because
supported by social
sanctions
- if violated, arrested and
punished (fines,
imprisonment or death)
- regarded as necessary to maintain
social order
- mores
Anmerkungen:
- norms based on broad societal morals whose infraction would generate more serious social condemnation
- upholding these norms is seen as critical to the fabric of society & violation threatens social order
- Violators viewed as bad or wicked
- examples: interracial marriage,
illegitimate childbearing, drug addiction
- norms based on broad societal morals
whose infraction would generate more
serious social condemnation
- upholding these norms is seen as
critical to the fabric of society &
violation threatens social order
- Violators viewed as bad or wicked
- examples: interracial marriage,
illegitimate childbearing, drug addiction
- Folways
Anmerkungen:
- simple everyday norms based on custom,
tradition or etiquette
- violations do not generate serious outrage or arrest
- Violators will be considered odd or peculiar
- examples: standards of dress,
demeanor, physical closeness
or distance, eating behaviors
- simple everyday
norms based on custom,
tradition or etiquette
- violations do not
generate serious outrage or arrest
- Violators will be
considered odd or peculiar
- examples: standards of dress,
demeanor, physical closeness
or distance, eating behaviors
- Crime, sin and poor taste
Anmerkungen:
- conceptualized by Smith and Pollack (1976)
- Crime or criminal acts
viewed as unacceptable to
societal majority
- murder, rape,
assault, robbery,
arson
- sin (acts of) defined in
relation to religious
proscriptions
- promiscuity, lewdness,
extramarital or homosexual
sex, gambling, drinking and
abortion
- poor taste (acts of) challenge
existing standards of fashion,
manners or traditions, violate social
norms & unregulated by law
- Deviance and crime:
are they the same?
- violent crimes-murder, assault,
property crimes, theft arson,
vandalism-are deviant & illegal
- noncriminal deviance-obesity,
stuttering, physical handicaps,
racial intermarriage, unwed
pregnancy
- non deviant crimes-white collar, minor traffic
offenses, civil disobedience-don't violate norms
or bring moral censure
- ABC's of deviance
- People can be labeled deviant for
alternative sets of attitudes or
belief system (religion, atheism, extreme political views)
- behavioral deviance due to outward actions, can
be intentional or inadvertent, achieved deviant
status (kinky sex behavior, smoking pot,
committing murder, violating dress or speech
conventions)
Anmerkungen:
- Achieved deviant status earned by what a person has done
- condition (extreme poverty, ultra rich, racial
status/only person of different race,
congenital physical disability, height, weight) can
be ascribed or achieved
Anmerkungen:
- Ascribed deviant status - when has been done to become deviant or nothing they can do to undo deviant status
- 3 categories of S's
- sin
- during middle ages and earlier
times when religious paradigms
prevailed
- Nonnormative ABC's considered satanic and cured
using exorcisms, afflicted considered contagious &
condemned
- religious leaders were official
morality leaders, made judgments,
issued sanctions
- sickness
Anmerkungen:
- Conrad & Snyder (1980)
- the process of medicalization begins
when a behavior or condition defined as
deviant is prospected to gain rewards
- DSM-V