Natural Selection vs. Artificial Selection

Natural Selection vs. Artificial Selection

1. Natural Selection

   • Mutation
     • Definition~rare and random changes in the DNA that may or may not affect phenotype, neither helpful or harmful but determined by the enviornment
   • Adaptation
     • Definition~ the process of where organisms undergo changes in order to be better suited for their environment
   • Example~ In a darker environment, lighter colored moths are more likely to be hunted than darker moths because the environment favors the darker colored moth.
   • Definition~ Natural selection is a process by which species best suited to their environment are surviving and reproducing at higher rates than other members of species.

2. Artificial Selection

   • Genetic Modification
     • Definition~the process of altering the genetic makeup of an organism to improve desired traits
     • Pro~ Enhances nutritional value and/or taste of products Cons~ Unnatural and may be unsafe
   • Gene Therapy
     • Definition~used to correct faulty genes to treat or prevent disease; corrected genes are inserted directly into an organism's DNA
     • Pro~ Prevent or cure genetic disorders, possibility to cure deadly diseases, like cancer and HIV Cons~ Dangerous and difficult process, uncertain of effects
   • Selective Breeding
     • Definition~ intentional mating of 2 organisms to produce offspring with desired traits
     • Pros~ Economical to sale if successful, more food production, plants resistant to disease Cons~Animal discomfort, less genetic variation, wrong traits
   • Definition~ the traits are chosen by the humans are are unnaturally inserted by humans, the genes are also changed to give aa organism. desirable traits

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