What is Qualitative Research

What is Qualitative Research

1. Is that researh model that studies social proctices. it assumes that certain realities can only be understood from praticipant observation.

   • IT IS ALSO KNOWN AS QUALITATIVE methodology, and aims to evaluate and interpret information obtained through interviews, conversations, etc.
   • Qualitative research is oriented to studies based on numerical statistics, and classical scintific models focused in empirical observatio from experiments.

2. Cacteristics

   • research subject/study object relationship
     • there is no true separion between reality from subjects who expereince it. it pays attention to biw social agents interact with reality.
   • Approach mode to the object of study
     • implies that it sees the subject under study as participant in the research.
   • Realionship between objectivity and subject
     • It takes into account t he subject iniverse, the values, beliefs, performance, opinions. all theses elements provide data.

3. Qualitiative research types

   • case study: aims to analyze a problem to identify its characteristics and make decisions.
   • Ethnographic research; it only tries to understand the reality of values, symbols, and concepts represented in a certain culture.
   • Participatory research: it aims fro comunity members to be part of the process of building the knowledge generated from the project.
   • Investigation action: improve a certain reality
   • Methodological process
     • Research objectives: Quali prefers those of analyzing and understanding, formulation of the problems: Quali seeks teh study of relationships of meaning
     • Variables and categories of analysis; analysis are describing and reflecting on the phenomena studies
     • Hypothesis are related to meaning, deductic is the predominant method in this approach

4. QUALITATIVE RESEARCH TECHNIQUES

   • Participant observation
   • Focus groups
   • Interviews
   • Life stories
   • Field notes
   • Dialogue
   • Arching of sources
   • Production and review of documents

5. Quantitative research

   • Caracteristics
     • Research subject/study object relationship
       • this approach assumes a clear and defined separation between the subject and the research object.
         • THE researcher proposes himself as an external agent to the observed reality and declares not to enterfere in it as a participant
     • Approach mode to study object
       • it analyzes its object of study from previous theoretical body, validated by the scientific community
         • He constructs a hypothesis, tries to demostrate ot from the collection qualitative data collected using instruments and experiments
     • Relationship between objectivity and subjetivity
       • Aims to achieve objecivity in the conclusions of the study thanks to he use of numerical or empirical data., it validates the authority of the knowledge obtainedm, therefore the principles of neutrality domains.
   • Research through survey
     • researher can analyze subject´s behavior
       • the sample must have randomly selected memebers in this way a researcher can easily maintain the precision of the results obtained, The sample must have randomly selected members in this way a researcher can easily maintain the precision of the results obtained
         • How was your experience
   • Correlational research
     • Use this type of quantitave to relate two or more variables using mathematical analisis methods, these variables are pattern, relationshipsm and trends
       • correlational research questions:
         • the realtionship between stress and depression
           • the equation between fame and money
   • Comparative causa investigation
     • It depends mainly on comparison facto,it is used to draws conclusions about the cause-effect equation between 2 o more variables, one variable is dependent and 1 is independent, the independent variable is established but not manipulated and its commonly observed its impact in the dependent variable.
       • The impact of drugs on teenagers, the effect of a good eduaction on a freshman, the effect of food on the people of africa.
   • Experimental research
     • it depends on theory, the tasks is performed to understandwhether the theory is valid or not.
       • Traditionally research methods are more effective tha modern techniques
       • Systematically teaching schedules helps children who have trouble adjusting to the course.
   • Methodological process
     • Formulation of the problem: choose to establish causal or functional relationships.
     • Variable and categories of analysis; variables are measure through variables
     • Research objectives: prefers the objectives of explaining or describing
     • Hypothesis: will be empirical. this type of research can be described as hyothetical deductive.
   • techniques
     • Surveys, statistics, experiments, quantitative observation
   • Data
     • Numerical data they fulfill the role of corroborating hypotheses, NUMERICAL DATA CONSTITUTES teh main, thought not the only , element of measurement. the dtaa provide objective and verifiable infromation.
   • Quantitative research can be intrepreted through graphs, figures with information put inti numbers with a certain type of statistical procedures. in linguistics research, a typical example is the number of a certain syntactic subject or study in writing and speaking skills
     • qualitative research data answers questions like how much or how many, it researches for information about patterns and qualities following inductive research processes focus on theoretical bases on which we develp hypotheses.
   • Quantitaive research os objective, inferential, deductive and results-oprieted it is inspired by Positivism and refusing all value jundgements.
     • data collection is based oin accuracy. measurement and quantification
   • data collection is based on accuracy. measurement and quantification constitute the procedure used to achieve objectivity in the knowledge process, it identifes variables whaich are measure in a given context, which gives the data generated standars of validity and reliability.
     • samples is selected, through the results, inferences and genralization and objectification of a population, itn is associated with experiments.
   • tHE THEORY IS NOT BUILD FROM TEH RESEARCH

6. Qualitative research is subjective, explanatory, inductive, descriptive and process oriented,it is also known as naturalistic, phenomenological, interpretive or ethnographic research.

   • datacollection influenced by the experiements or priorities of the research participants., the data are detail descriptions of situations, events, people interactions, behaviours observed in their environment.

7. A qualitative-inductive process is different since the hypothesis is not complete definite. the results in qualitaive study revolve around the hypotheses.