Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Chapter 4: Wealth, poverty and welfare
- Wealth and income
- Reasons for change
- Change over time
- Unequal distribution
- Wealth
- =what you own
- Income
- =flow of case into household
- slight decline in % owned by richest
- slight growth in equality
- Globalisation
- Capitalism
- Entrepreneurial talents
- Government policy
- Lone-parent families
- Job Insecurity
- Defining and measuring poverty
- Social exclusion
- sees poverty in broadest sense
- Exclusion from leisure, health, education, etc.
- Absolute poverty
- Based on minimum living standards
- Budget standard measure
- Relative poverty
- Consensual - based on research
- Based on accepted standards of living
- Relative income measure
- Extent and causes of poverty
- Extent
- Total poverty in uk
- how to measure who is in poverty:
- household or economic status
- % of total poor or risk of being poor
- High-risk groups
- low paid
- older people
- unemployed
- women
- children
- lone-parent families
- ethnic minorities
- sick or disabled
- Existence and persistence of poverty
- Dependency explanations
- individual- personal faults
- culture - culture of poverty
- Underclass - behaviour of
distinct social class
- exclusion explanations
- labour market - poorely paid work
- marxist - outcome of capitalism
- citizenship - groups are
stigmatized and excluded
- Welfare provision
- Welfare state
- types of regime:
- Liberal
- Corporatist
- social democratic
- Who should receive benefits?
- Universal vs selective
- Who should provide benefits?
- State vs mixed economy
- Who benefits?
- Tax + welfare services redistribute from rich to poor but
- mainly across individual's lifetime
- Competeing aproaches
- Third way
- mix of private and state provision
- Approach of late modernity & new labour
- Marxism
- Welfare state is victory for workers
- Welfare state also controls workers
- New right
- welfare state causes problems
- abandon welfare state
- Social democracy
- traditional approach
- underpins ' cradle to grave' welfare state