Plural Formation(General Rules for Nouns)

Plural Formation(General Rules for Nouns)

1. Sound

   • /iz/ if the singular ends in
   • /z/ if the singular ends in a vowel or in a voiced consonant different from a sibilant.
   • /s/ if the singular ends in a voiceless consonant other than a sibilant.

2. Spelling

   • -s
   • -es if the singular ends in a sibilant that is not already followed by -e.
   • - ies if the singular ends in -y.
   • -ys if the singular ends in -ay, -ey, -oy or if the item is a proper noun.
   • -s if the singular ends in -o, but with same nouns the plural is -es (echoes, heroes, potatoes). In a few cases, there is variation (buffalo(e)s, cargo(e)s, volcano(e) s.

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