IA3 Web Application

IA3 Web Application

1. Data specifications

   • Constraints
     • Constraints are the rules enforced on the data columns of a table. These are used to limit the type of data that can go into a table. This ensures the accuracy and reliability of the data in the database. Constraints could be either on a column level or a table level.
   • Data types
     • Integer (int)
       • Numeric data type for numbers without fractions
         • -707, 0, 707
     • Floating Point (float)
       • Numeric data type for numbers with fractions
         • 707.07, 0.7, 707.00
     • Character (char)
       • Single letter, digit, punctuation mark, symbol, or blank space
         • a, 1, !
     • String (str or text)
       • Sequence of characters, digits, or symbols—always treated as text
         • hello, +1-999-666-3333
     • Boolean (bool)
       • True or false values
         • 0 (false), 1 (true)
   • Data length
     • The data length is the byte length of the data as it would be stored in the application's data buffer, not as it is stored in the data source.
   • Validation
     • Data validation is the process of verifying and validating data that is collected before it is used. Any type of data handling task, whether it is gathering data, analyzing it, or structuring it for presentation, must include data validation to ensure accurate results. Sometimes it can be tempting to skip validation since it takes time. However, it is an essential step toward garnering the best results possible.

2. Data structures

   • Keys
     • A key is a field, or combination of fields, in a database table used to retrieve and sort rows in the table based on certain requirements. Keys are defined to speed up access to data and, in many cases, to create links between different tables.
   • Array
     • Arrays in data structures help solve some high-level problems like the "longest consecutive subsequence" program or some easy tasks like arranging the same things in ascending order. The concept is to collect many objects of the same kind.
   • Values
     • Values can be values of any type, including other objects, which enables building complex data structures.

3. Data interface

   • HTML
     • The HyperText Markup Language or HTML is the standard markup language for documents designed to be displayed in a web browser. It is often assisted by technologies such as Cascading Style Sheets and scripting languages such as JavaScript.
   • Tables
     • Headings
     • Cell
     • Column
     • Row
   • Sample data
   • CSS
     • Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a simple mechanism for adding style (e.g., fonts, colors, spacing) to Web documents. These pages contain information on how to learn and use CSS and on available software. They also contain news from the CSS working group.

4. Digital methods of exchanging data

   • JSON
     • JSON is an open standard file format and data interchange format that uses human-readable text to store and transmit data objects consisting of attribute–value pairs and arrays. It is a common data format with diverse uses in electronic data interchange, including that of web applications with servers.
   • Protocols
     • Network protocols are a set of rules, conventions, and data structures that dictate how devices exchange data across networks. In other words, network protocols can be equated to languages that two devices must understand for seamless communication of information, regardless of their infrastructure and design disparities.
   • XML
     • Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a markup language that provides rules to define any data. Unlike other programming languages, XML cannot perform computing operations by itself. Instead, any programming language or software can be implemented for structured data management.
   • SOAP
     • Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) is a lightweight XML-based protocol that is used for the exchange of information in decentralized, distributed application environments.
   • REST
     • Representational state transfer (REST) is a software architectural style that was created to guide the design and development of the architecture for the World Wide Web. REST defines a set of constraints for how the architecture of an Internet-scale distributed hypermedia system, such as the Web, should behave.