Tarea 1- Conceptos previos

Tarea 1- Conceptos previos

1. Subatomic Particles

   • Atom: The basic unit of matter, consisting of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, with electrons orbiting around it.
     • Nucleus
       • Proton: A subatomic particle with a positive charge, located in the nucleus of an atom.
       • Neutron
     • Electrons
   • Electron: A subatomic particle with a negative charge, orbiting the nucleus of an atom.
     • Charge
     • Orbital: A region around an atomic nucleus where electrons are likely to be found.

2. Chemical Bonding

   • Molecule: A group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest unit of a chemical compound with distinct properties.
     • Bond: The force that holds atoms together in a molecule, formed through electron sharing or transfer.
     • Properties
   • Valence: The number of bonds an atom can form by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons.
     • Octet: The arrangement of eight electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom, associated with stability
   • Lewis Structure: A representation of atoms and their valence electrons using dots to illustrate bonding patterns.

3. Electromagnetic Radiation

   • Photon: A particle of light and electromagnetic radiation, carrying energy and exhibiting wave-particle duality.
     • Wave-Particle Duality
     • Energy
   • Wavelength: The distance between two consecutive points in a wave, such as light or sound.
   • Radiation: The emission of energy in the form of waves or particles, often used to refer to electromagnetic waves.

4. Interaction with Matter

   • Work Function: The minimum energy required to remove an electron from the surface of a material.
   • Compton Shift: The increase in wavelength of a scattered photon due to its interaction with matter.
   • Quantum Numbers: A set of values used to describe the energy state and orbital characteristics of an electron
   • Energy Levels: A specific energy value an electron can have within an atom, often associated with electron shells.