UNIT 1. Introduction to Operating Systems and its installation.

UNIT 1. Introduction to Operating Systems and its installation.

1. 1. Structure of a system Computer

   • Computer science
   • pc
   • Language of Programming
   • Software

2. 2. Architecture of an Operating System

   • OS Models
     • Design Monolithic
     • Design in Layers
     • Machines Virtual
     • Model client/server
     • Micronuclei
   • 2. 1Components of a system operative
     • Kernel
     • Programs unit
     • Utilities for the management of memory
     • Utilities for the management of Processes
     • Program user interface or Shell
   • 2.1.1 Core systems Operating
     • Communication between the computer programs and the hardware
     • Management of the different tasks or processes of a machine
     • Management of the hardware
     • A classification of the nuclei according to the abstractions that Present with hardware
       • The nuclei Monolithic
       • The micronuclei or Microkernel
       • The nuclei hybrids
       • The Exonuclei
   • 2.1.2 Command interpreter. Useful programs of a system operative
     • The management of Processes
     • The control of the Addresses
     • The management of the data input/output and Files
     • File system management allowing the organization related storage of data and files using the Assigning Drives and Directories
     • Other utilities such as: Audit system for the Program Protection.....

3. 3. Functions or services of a System Operative

   • They provide the following odds:
     • Interfaces of the user
     • Administration of Resources
     • Administration of records
     • Task management or control of the execution of programmes
     • Support or upgrade services of the system
     • Control of safety
   • 3.1. Controlling Processes
     • State of the process
       • Execution or active
       • Prepared or ready
       • Blocked or suspended
       • dead
       • Unborn or Ignored
     • Process identification code or Pid
     • Priority value when allocating the resources of the system.
     • Addresses or memory zone Assigned
     • The state hardware
     • 3.1.1. Process Planner
       • Functions and objectives of the planner:
         • Equity
         • Efficiency
         • Time of Low Answer
         • High yield
       • algorithms planning
         • FIFO
         • Algorithm wheel
         • Algorithm by priorities.
         • Algorithm SJF
       • Measures or values to evaluate planning algorithms
         • Time or burst CPU usage
         • processor is busy
         • Productivity (P)
         • Time or gust Return or ending (TF)
         • Waiting time (E)
         • Time of service
     • 3.1.2. Representation of the planning of Processes. Process blocking control
       • Techniques to avoid Blocks
         • Assignment of Resources in order linear
         • Allocation all-nothing
         • Algorithm banker.
   • 3.2. Control and manage the memory
     • According to its function
       • Memory internal
       • Memory main or central
       • Memory cache
       • Memory of Records
       • Memory external or high school
     • According to your ability to access
       • RAM (SRAM y DRAM)
       • ROM
     • 3.2.1. Techniques for administering the memory
       • Memory Virtual
       • Pagination
       • Segmentation.
       • measurement of information or Data in Computer Science
   • 3.3. Control peripheral devices. Peripheral Classification
     • Typical interface text.
     • Typical interface graphic
     • The peripherals are can classify
       • Of entrance
       • Of exit
       • Of Input/Output
   • 3.4. Control the organization of Files or archives
     • The files Regular
     • The files Regular

4. 4. Types of Operating Systems

   • Because of its structure Internal
     • Monolithic
     • By Layers
     • Machine virtual
     • Client-Server
   • Según el número de usuarios
     • Monousuario
     • Multiusuario
   • According to the number of processes or Tasks
     • Monotasking or Monoprogramming
     • Multitasking or multiprogramming
   • According to the number of Processors
     • Uniprocessor
     • multiprocessor
   • • Depending on the type of response or by the modes of exploitation
     • Processing Batch (batch)
     • Systems of time shared
     • Time real
     • Hybrid
   • By the way we offer the services
     • Systems Centralized
     • Systems in net
     • Systems Distributed

5. 5. Computer Applications (System Software and Software application)

   • 5.1. Client-server application model: applications Distributed
     • Depending on the process load between the customer and the server
       • Customer heavy-server light
       • Server heavy-customer light
       • By the Functions assigned the Benefits
       • Of two Levels
       • Of three Levels
       • Multilevel
     • For the service offered by the Servers
       • Database Servers data
       • Servers Transactions
       • Server web
       • Servers records

6. 6. Licenses and License Types

   • Software Free
   • Proprietary software or private
   • Software commercial
   • Domain Software public
   • Freeware
   • Shareware
   • GPL
   • With Copyleft
   • DFSG
   • BSD. Unprotected free software license Inherited
   • Style Licenses MPL

7. 7. Bootloaders

   • 7.1. Concepts related to booting systems Operating
     • BIOS
     • BOOTLOADER
     • BOOTSTRAP
   • 7.2. Windows Bootloaders (BCDs) store)
     • To be able to modify the BCD file will be Required to be a user administrator
       • From the Table of dialogue Home and recovery Allows select The System Operation of outburst Default and change the value of Time of Wait for select An option from the menu
       • Running Msconfig.exe Properties of the since the bar of beginning
   • 7.3. Bootloaders Linux
     • It is to seek a program special that Run the called manager of Boot (The LILO calls bootstrapping or the GRUB). This SE technique flame bootstrapping

8. 8. Installation of Operating Systems: Requirements, Versions and Licenses

   • 8.1. Requirements, Layouts and Considerations for Installation Windows 7
     • Windows 7 Starter
     • Windows 7 Home Premium
     • Windows 7 Professional
     • Windows 7 Enterprise/Ultimate
   • 8.2. Requirements, Layouts, and Installation Considerations Windows Server
     • Windows Server 2008 Datacenter
     • Windows Server 2008 Enterprise
     • Windows Server 2008 Standard .
     • Windows web server 2008.
   • 8.3. Requirements, Layouts, and Installation Considerations Linux
     • Red Hat Enterprise Linux
     • Ubuntu
     • Mandriva o Mandriva Linux
     • Proyecto debian

9. 9. Operating System Virtualization

   • Virtual machines system
   • Virtual machines process
   • 9.1 Virtual Machine Installation( VIRTUALBOX)