Factors preventing teachers from integrating technology

Factors preventing teachers from integrating technology

1. Teacher

   • Attitudes
     • Positive
       • Aids lower achieving students (Ng, 2009)
       • Helps advanced students
       • Enjoy learning tech (Wachira, 2011) (Hermans, 2008)
     • Negative
       • Only suited to lower achieving students
       • Social expectations (Liu, 2011)
       • Cultural differences
         • Parents want good text book grades
       • Unsure of own ability (Wachira, 2011)
       • Anxiety over how to use tech (Wachira, 2011) (Hermans, 2008)
       • Gradually declines after initial excitement (Ng, 2009)
   • Beliefs
     • Teacher centred
       • Lecturer (Liu, 2011)
       • Distracted
       • Less likely to use tech (Hermans, 2008)
     • Student centred
       • Facilitator (Liu, 2011) (Kiger, 2012)
       • Lessons
         • Engaging (Liu, 2011) (Calder, 2012) (Kiger, 2012)
         • Better performance (Liu, 2011) (Wu, Zang, 2011)
         • Using Technology is motivational (Wachira, 2011)
         • Learning is fun (Wachinra, 2011)
       • Mobile learning
         • Cognitive advantage, no time wastage on mundane tasks (Wachira, 2011) (Kiger, 2012) (Nicoleta, 2011)
   • Support
     • Ability
       • Lack of specific training (Wachira, 2011) (Wu, Zang, 2011)
       • Mainly use tech for drill and practice (Wachira, 2011)
         • Difficulty in alternating pedagogy (Ng, 2009)
       • Afraid of making mistakes (Wachira, 2011)
     • Lack of supporting educational framework (Wu, Zang, 2011)
     • Onsite resource person needed (Kiger, 2012)
   • Gender influences use (Hermans, 2008)

2. Devices

   • Positive
     • Encourages collaboration (Wu, Zang, 2011) (Herman, 2008)
       • Enables cheating (Wu, Zang, 2011)
     • Facilitates risk taking (Calder, 2012) (Ng, 2009)
     • Visual (Calder, 2011)
     • Interactive, (Calder, 2012) (Nicoleta, 2011)
     • Ubiquitous (Ng, 2009) (Kiger, 2012)
     • Reduce pressure on comp lab/library (Ng, 2009)
     • BYOD reduces fiscal pressure (Kiger, 2012)
     • Instant rewards (Nicoleta, 2011)
   • Barriers
     • Internet
       • Unreliable (Wachira, 2011) (Ng, 2009)
     • Broken
       • Missing parts (Wachira, 2011)
     • Funding (Wachira, 2011)
       • Availability (Kiger, 2012)
       • Socioeconomic
       • Lack of hardware (Wachira, 2011)
       • Lack of software (Wachira, 2011)