Bonding Hybridisation

Bonding Hybridisation

1. SP3

   • Promotion of an electron
     • Electron is 2s orbital promoted to empty p orbital
   • Hybridisation
     • Since there are four bonding atoms, the orbital hybridise onto the same energy level forming sp3 orbitals. Three s and one p orbitals hybridise

2. SP2

   • Promotion of an electron
     • Electron is promoted from 2s to 2pz to give four unpaired electrons
   • Hybridisation
     • Since there are three bonding atoms, one s and 2 p orbitals hybridise whilst the last p orbital remains unchanged

3. SP1

   • Promotion of an electron
     • Electron is promoted from 2s to 2pz orbital
   • Hybridisation
     • There are two bonding atoms so an s orbital and p orbital hybridise and the other two remain unchanged