1_1_The Atmosphere

1_1_The Atmosphere

1. The Air Around You

   • Weather is the condition of Earth's Atmosphere at a particular time and place.
   • The Atmosphere is the envelope of gases that surrounds the planet.
   • Composition of Gases
     • The Atmosphere is made up mixture of atoms and molecules of different kinds.
     • Nitrogin
       • Most common gas in the atmosphere
       • Makes more than 3/4 of the air we breathe
       • Each Nitrogen molecule is made up of 2 nitrogen atoms.
     • Oxygen
       • Second most common gas in the Atmosphere
       • Takes up less than 1/4 of the volume
       • Oxygen molecules has two atoms
     • Carbon Dioxide
       • One molecule of carbon dioxide has one atom of carbon dioxide and two atoms of oxygen
       • Burning fuels such as coal and gasoline increase the content of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
     • Other Gases
       • Remaining gases are called trace gases because only a small amount oof them are present
     • Water Vapour
       • WATER VAPOR IS WATER IN THE FORM OF A GAS.
       • One water vapor molecule contains two hydrogen and one oxygen molecule
     • Particles
       • DUST, SMOKE, SALT, AND CHEMICALS
   • Importance of Atmosphere
     • Earth's Atmosphere makes conditions on Earth suitable for living thing
     • Contains gas such as oxygen that living things need to  survive
     • Warmth and liquid water
     • Ultraviolent radiation is a no
     • Protects from meteors
     • air can be considerd a renewable resource
   • Air Quality
     • Pollutants r harmful substances in air, water, or soil.
     • Pollution Sources
       • Some occurs naturally may add particles to the atmosphere for example Forest Fires.
       • Some pollutants r carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur oxides.
     • Smog and Acid Rain
       • The burning of fossil Fuels can cause smog and acid rain
   • Improving Air Quality

2. Air Pressure

   • Air Properties
     • Density
     • Pressure
   • Measuring Air Pressure
     • Mercury Barometers
     • Aneroid Barometers
     • Units of Air Pressure
   • Altitude and Properties of Air
     • Altitude Affect Air Pressure

3. Layers of the Atmosphere

   • Troposphere
   • Theremosphere
   • Stratosphere
   • Mesosphere

4. Energy in Earth's Atmosphere

   • Energy from the Sun
     • Non-Visible Radidtion
     • Visible Light
   • Energy in the Atmosphere
   • Energy at Earth's Surface

5. Heat Transfer in the Atmosphere

   • Thermal Energy and Temperature
     • Measuring Temperature
     • Temperature Scales
   • How Heat is Transferred
     • Radiation
     • Conduction
     • Convection
     • Heating the Tropospere

6. Winds

   • Wind?
     • Measuring Wind
     • Wind-Chill Factor
   • Local Winds
     • Sea Breeze
     • Land Breeze
   • Global Wnds
     • Global Convection Currents
     • Coriolis Effect
   • Global Wind Belts
     • Doldrums
     • Horse Latitudes
     • Trade Winds
     • Prevailing Westerlies
     • Polar Easterlies
     • Jet Streams