1_Multi store model

1_Multi store model

1. identifying different memory stores

2. Atkinson and shiffrin

   • early model
     • Three types of information stores
       • STM
         • SENSORY REGISTRATION
         • Peterson and peterson
           • tested how long information remains in STM
             • Procedure
               • 24 students
                 • recall test items one at a time.
                   • these were trigrams ex) CHJ
                     • never the same letters
                       • shown a trigrams
                         • given instructions to count backwards in threes and fours
                           • until a light appeared in front of them
                             • then they had to recall the trigram.
                               • various fixed times between syllable and light
                                 • 3,6,9,12,5 and 18 sec
                                   • six trials
             • Findings
               • when the time increased, recall decreased
                 • when rehearsal is prevented items in stm are lost quickly (28 sec)
       • Initially
         • stored for a fraction of second
           • sensory organs
             • sensory register
               • information is attended
                 • acoustic form ( sound of words)
                   • few seconds
                 • 7 items +/- 2
       • LTM
         • rehearsed from STM
           • repeated back
             • otherwise the information will be lost
               • this inf. is lost on the first in first out priciple.
         • Unlimited capacity
           • rather semantic than acoustic
   • this model does not identify separate storage systems!

3. Peterson and peterson

4. today we know that stm and ltm are two diff. systems

   • more complex than Atkinson and Shiffrin's model
     • EVIDENCE FOR SEPARATE STM AND LTM
       • two types
         • labarotory evidene
           • Glanzer and cunits
             • list of words, participants had to recall
               • people remembered more from the beginning ( primacy) and the end of the list (recency)
                 • early words--> LTM
                   • end--> STM
                   • words in the middle were in the tranferring stage from stm to Ltm
       • another experiment

5. FOR AND AGAINST

   • for
     • There is evidence from experiments that LTM and STM are two different systems
       • ex, the mobile affects stm but not ltm
     • in HM case, one of the systems ( LTM) was damaged but not the other system,
   • against
     • there is evidence that material in stm is analysed for emaning ( semantically)
       • Atkinsson and shiffrin were wrong.