Second Langauge Acquisition Theories

Second Langauge Acquisition Theories

1. Behaviorism

   • 3 Methods
     • Audiolingualism
       • Oral Practice
       • Pronunciation
       • Delay Reading/Writing
     • Direct Teaching/Mastery Learning
       • Specific Objectives
       • Lockstep Approach
       • Multitude of Mastery Test
     • Total Physical Response (TPR)
       • Voice Commands
       • Physical Reaction to Commands
       • Increase in Commands w/ Increase in Understanding
   • Contributors
     • Skinner
     • Watson
     • Lado
     • Bloomfield

2. Interlanguage Theory

   • 4 Kinds of Knowledge
     • Knowledge About Second Language
     • Competence in Native Language
     • Ability to use Functions of Language
     • General World Knowledge
   • Contributor
     • Selinker
   • Use Native Language to Build New Language
   • Errors Used to Inform Instructor

3. Monitor Model

   • Contributor
     • Krashen
   • 5 Hypotheses
     • Acquisition-Learning
       • Acquisition
         • Real Communication
         • More Important
       • Learning
         • Explicit Knowledge
         • Specific Rules
     • Natural Order
       • Predictable Order of Learning Languages
         • Similar for all Languages
     • Monitor
       • Error Detecting
         • Scans For Errors
           • Repairs Error
           • Confirms Error
         • Before/After Communication
           • Not Practical for Rapid Communication
     • Input
       • Variety of Techniques
         • Kinesthetic
         • Visual
         • Auditory
     • Affective Filter
       • Emotional Variables
         • Anxiety
         • Motivation
         • Self Confidence

4. Social Constructionist

   • Contributor
     • Vygotsky
   • Emphasis on Social Interaction
     • Adult Guidance
       • Provided When Needed
       • Potential Development Level
     • Peer Interaction
       • Learn from more Capable Peers
       • Cultural Symbolic Practices
         • Dancing
         • Drawing
         • Dining

5. Meaning Centered

   • Contributors
     • Smith
     • Goodman
   • Whole Language
     • 4 Interactions
       • Speaking
       • Listening
       • Reading
       • Writing
   • Active Searching for the Meaning of Words