Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Lipids and Dyslipidemia
- Overview of Normal Lipid Metabolism
- Key players
Anmerkungen:
- Role of cholesterol
Anmerkungen:
- what is cholesterol
- forward cholesterol transport
- reverse cholesterol transport
- How Normal Lipid Metabolism Becomes Bad
Anmerkungen:
- Metabolic syndrome
- Risk Factors
- Risk Markers
- what hyperlipidemia looks like
- Atherosclerosis (attach PAD conference and see pathlogy)
Anmerkungen:
- structure of normal arterial wall:
-intima is closest to lumen and blood and has single layer of endothelial barrier cells
-media is middle andn thickest
-adventitia is outer
normal endothelial layer:
-mostly antithrombotic molecules
-secrete vasodilators (NO/prostacyclin) and vasoconstrictors (endothelin). normally vasodilators predominate.
-immune response
-impermeable to large molecules
-anti inflammatory
-resist leukocyte adhesion
normal smooth muscle cells
-normal contractility
-maintain ECM
-media
- inflammation endothelial cells
-increased permeability
-inflammatory cytokines
-increased leukoocyte adhesion molecules
-decreased vasodilation
-decreased antithrombosis
inflammation smooth muscle cells
-increased inflammatory cytokines: IL 1 and TNF alpha
-increased ECM synthesis
-increased migration and proliferation into subintima
- What do you look for on pathology?
-identify that it is a coronary artery
by seeing the thick three layers of the artery surrounded by fat with an occluded lumen
-in the lumen, look for narrowing of the white space because of the pink thrombi inside
-look for chronic inflammation (lymphocytes)
-look for white slivers of cholesterol crystals
-look for foam cells that are white engorged spaces with black stuff at the edges
-look for pale areas that are plaques with blue crystals
-look for fibrosis or RBCs that are hemorrhaging
Anlagen:
- How does it happen
- Treatment