PSYA 1 - Memory

PSYA 1 - Memory

1. MULTI STORE MODEL

   • Atkinsen & Shiffren 1968
   • Key Factors:
     • Sensory Memory
       • Limited Capacity
       • Takes In All Sensory Information
       • Very Short Duration
     • Short Term Memory
       • Limited Capacity Miller's Magic 7+-2 Items
       • Duration: Lasts Around 18 Seconds.
       • Encodes Acoustic and Visual Information Well.
     • Long Term Memory:
       • Capacity: Infinite
       • Duration: Infinite
       • Encodes Semantic, Visual Memories.
   • Evaluation
     • Peterson & Peterson: Used 3 Trigrams and set interpolated tasks to test the memory stores
       • Found that the STM has a shorter duration and that the LTM has an infinite duration once encoded
         • Lacks Ecological Validity
           • Lacks Mundane Realism
           • Could be Used To Test Amnesia
           • Effects of Primacy and Recency
           • Cultural Differences:
             • NAVAH (1986): Test Across Cultures Determined that Arabic Speakers Found It Harder To Recall due to Longer Words.
     • Baddeley (1970) Tested whether there is a form of Encoding that Best.
       • 4 Groups Of People With Semantically and Acoustically Similar and Disimllar Words
       • 75% Acoustically Similar Words Recalled
         • 55% Acoustically Disimillar

2. Working Memory Model

   • Baddeley & Hitch 1974
   • Key Factors
     • The Working Memory Model Is Controlled by the Central Executive which relays information to the slave systems. The systems are called.........
       • Phonological Loop
         • Inner Ear
         • Inner Voice
           • Sub-Vocal Repetition
       • Visuo-Spatial Scratchpad
         • Inner Eye.