Lesson 19

Lesson 19

1. How to make negative sentences in Korean 1. Adding 안 [an] before a verb 2. Using the negative verb ending, 지 않다

   • 집에 안 가요
   • 가지 않아요 I DON’T go. / I’m NOT going. 가지 않았어요= I DIDN’T go.
   • 안 매워요

2. Lesson 20

   • 1. 공부 = studying / 공부하다 = to study 2. 일 = work, job / 일하다 = to work 3. 기억 = memory / 기억하다 = to remember 4. 청소 = cleaning / 청소하다 = to clean 5. 요리 = cooking, dish / 요리하다 = to cook 6. 이사 = moving / 이사하다 = to move, to move into a different house
   • 7. 노래 = song / 노래하다 = to sing 8. 노력 = effort / 노력하다 = to make an effort, to try hard 9. 동의 = agreement, agreeing / 동의하다 = to agree 10. 인정 = admitting, acknowledgement / 인정하다 = to admit 11. 후회 = regret / 후회하다 = to regret 12. 운동 = exercise / 운동하다 = to exercise, to work out 13. 사랑 = love / 사랑하다 = to love 14. 말 = words, language / 말하다 = to speak 15. 생각 = thought, idea / 생각하다 = to think
   • 생각하다 --> 생각 안 하다 노력하다 --> 노력 안 하다
     • And if you remember from Lesson #16, there are two ways to make negative sentences in Korean: adding 안 before the verb and using the verb ending 지 않다. If you want to use 지 않다 with 하다 verbs, you simply conjugate 하다 [ha-da] to 하지 않다
   • Lesson 21
     • Subject markers emphasize the subject and shows ‘who’ did something, or ‘what’ is being described, and topic markers emphasize the topic of your sentence and shows ‘what’ or ‘whom’ you are talking about.
       • 1. When you want to ask “Who is it?” in Korean, you literally say “it is WHO?” so it becomes: 누구 (who) + 예요 (is) = 누구예요? [nu-gu-ye-yo?] 2. When you want to ask “(Among these people, none other than) WHO is Jane?” you can say: 누구 (who) + 가 (subject marker) + 제인 (Jane) + 이에요? (is?) = 누가 제인이에요? [nu-ga je-in-i-e-yo?] 3. And when you want to ask “Who did it?”: 누구 (who) + 가 (subject marker) + 했어요? (did?) = 누가 했어요? [nu-ga hae-sseo-yo?]
         • 1. 누가 전화했어요? [nu-ga jeon-hwa-hae-sseo-yo?] Who called? 2. 이거 누구예요? [i-geo nu-gu-ye-yo?] Who is this? (This is who?) 3. 어제 누가 왔어요? [eo-je nu-ga wa-sseo-yo?] Who came yesterday? 4. 그거 누가 만들었어요? [geu-geo nu-ga man-deu-reo-sseo-yo?] Who made that? 5. 누가 샀어요? [nu-ga sa-sseo-yo?] Who bought it?
     • Lesson 22
       • 어떻게 찾았어요 = how did you find it
         • 왜 전화했어요 = why did you call?
           • 왜 안 왔어요 = why didnt you come?
             • 얼마예요 = how much is it? 얼마 냈어요 = how much did you pay?
       • 얼마나 + adjective/adverb = how + [often/fast/early/soon/etc...] 얼마나 자주 와요? = how often do you come?
         • 얼마나 커요? = how big is it?
           • 크다 = to be big)
         • 얼마나 무거워요 = how heavy is it?
           • 무겁다 = to be heavy
       • Lesson 23
         • they are usually interchangeable, but in cases where they are NOT interchangeable, 에서 is associated more often with locations and 부터 is associated more often with time.
           • 부터, 에서, and 까지 are used AFTER a noun or a pronoun, not BEFORE one.
             • 2. From now = 지금부터 [ji-geum-bu-teo] = 지금에서 [ji-geum-e-seo] ( x )
               • 1. From here to there = 여기에서 저기까지 = 여기부터 저기까지