Slippery Path

Slippery Path

1. Demographics

   • 26 year old
   • Ali

2. Drugs

   • are substances that change a person's physical or mental state
     • Nadin M-Bassam Adi U15101378 Group:K
   • Two types
     • Use drugs
     • Abuse (Recreational drugs)
       • Tobacco smoke
       • Marijuana
       • Heroin
       • Coccaine

3. Pharmacodynamics

   • What a drug does to the body
   • Terminology
     • Affinity
       • The ability of drug to fit onto the receptor
     • Efficacy
       • Ability of D-R complex to make a response
     • Potency
       • the different doses of two drugs needed to produce the same effect
     • Effective Concentration 50% (ED50)
       • Concentration of the drug which induces effect in 50% of subjects
     • Lethal Dose 50% (LD50)
       • Concentration of the drug which induces death in 50% of subjects
   • Receptors
     • Ligand gated ion channels
     • G-protein coupled receptors
     • Kinase-linked receptors
     • Nuclear receptors
   • Ligands classification
     • Agonist
     • Partial agonist
     • Inverse agonist
     • Antagonist
       • Chemical Antagonists
       • Physiological Antagonists
       • Pharmacokinetic antagonism

4. Puberty

   • Girls
     • breast development
     • Pubic hair
   • Boys
     • development of external genitalia
     • pubic hair

5. Addiction Risk factors

   • Family history
   • Peer pressure
   • To show independence
   • Anxiety, depression and loneliness
   • Lack of family involvement

6. Common Drugs in UAE

   • Tobacco smoking and sheesha
   • Energy drinks
   • Tramadol and other prescribed medicatons
   • sniffing glue and inhaling butane and paint thinner

7. xenobiotics

   • enter the body
     • Enter cells
       • Metabolised
         • Exit cells
           • Exit the body
             • How
               • Renal excretion
               • Biliary excretion
               • Exhalation
               • Sweat
               • Others
           • How
             • special ATP-ases like P-glycoproteins excrete xenobiotics
         • How
           • Phase 1
             • CYP450s and other enzymes
           • Phase 2 (conjugation)
             • transferases
       • How
         • Simple diffusion
         • Facilitated diffusion
         • Active transport (primary and secondary)
         • endocytosis
     • How

8. Addiction age groups

   • Increases during adulthood because of stress increase and money availability.

9. Alcohol

   • Metabolism
   • metabolic pathways affected
   • Effect on health

10. Addiction & dependence

    • dependence
      • physical
        • physical symptoms occur if the drug is suddenly stopped
      • psychological
        • drug becomes central to the person’s thoughts, activities and emotions
    • addiction
      • inability to control drug use, and use despite doing harm to self

11. Poly drug use

    • Alcohol & Cocaine
    • Alcohol & Ecstasy
    • Opiates & Cocaine
    • Cocaine & Ecstasy
    • Alcohol & any other drug

12. Tolerance

    • greater amounts of drug are required to achieve the initial effect
    • Types
      • Pharmacokinetic tolerances
      • Pharmacodynamic tolerance
      • Behavioral tolerance

13. Withdrawal symptoms

    • Irritability
    • Depression
    • Racing heart

14. Treatment

    • Pharmacotherapy
      • Drug substitution
        • types
          • Agonist
          • Partial agonist
          • Antagonist
        • Examples
          • Methadone
          • Buprenorphine
          • Naltrexone
    • Psychological
    • Family Therapy
    • Group Therapy

15. Physical examination

16. Psychosocial effects of addiction

    • Marriage/Relationship
    • Financial issues
    • Law and Order

17. Investigations

    • Breath Test
    • Blood Test
    • Urine Test
    • Hair Test
    • Saliva Test

Bilder und Dateien der Mindmap