Diet

Diet

Balanced diet
1. diet must provide enough energy
2. Enough carbohydrates to release energy
3. Enough fats to keep warm and release energy
4. protein for growth, cell repair and replacement
5. fibre for everything to move smoothly through your digestive system
6. tiny amounts of vitamins and mineral ions to keep skin, bone and blood healthy
Energy needed to fuel chemical reactions in body
1. Metabollic rate
2. higher proportion of muscle = higher metabollic rate
3. the bigger you are the more energy needed to supply your body so higher metabollic rate
4. excercise boosts metabollic rate as muscle is built up
  1. stays high for a while after excercise
5. activity levels affect how much energy should be in your diet
Unbalanced diet
1. excess carbohydrates and fat = obesity
2. obesity can lead to arthritis, type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease and some types of cancer
3. excessive saturated fat can increase blood cholesterol level
4. excessive salt can increase blood cholesterol level
5. people in developing countries suffer malnutrition
6. malnutrition varies depending on what foods are missing from the diet
7. malnutrition can lead to slow growth, fatigue, poor resistance to infection & irregular periods
8. difficiency diseases are caused by lack of vitamins or minerals, eg. vitamin c - scurvy problems with skin joints and gums
Exercise and inherited facters
1. excercise increases amount of energy used and decreases amount of stored of fat
2. less likely to suffer from diseases like obesity
3. and underactive thyroid gland can cause a slow in the metabollic rate and cause obesity
4. some inherited factors increase blood cholesterol levels which increases risk of heart disease

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