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Mindmap von Dan Qutaishat, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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The Structure Of An Atom.
- Electrons
- Have a relative charge of -1
- Electrons are held in shells
- Have a relative charge of -1
- Neutrons
- The Neutrons are found in the nucleus
- Neutrons are neutral, they have no charge (0)
- Neutrons have the mass of 1
- The Neutrons are found in the nucleus
- Protons
- The Protons are found in the Nucleus
- Have a relative charge
of +1
- The number of protons in an atom is its atomic
number
- The Protons are found in the Nucleus
- The Structure
- The Neutrons and Protons are
found in the nucleus which is at the
centre of the diagram.
- Electrons are around the nucleus in shells.
- Depending on the shell, it depends how many electrons fit onto it.
- The first shell around the
nucleus can hold up yo 2
electrons, the second and third
can hold up to 8
- The first shell around the
nucleus can hold up yo 2
electrons, the second and third
can hold up to 8
- The number of protons is
always the same as the
number of electrons
- The number of electrons
on the outer most shell
shows what group the
element is in
- For example, in this diagram,
there are 6 electrons on the
outer ring, this means it must
be in group 6 on the periodic
table.
- If you count up
the number of
electrons on the
diagram, it
equals the
atomic number
of the element
- For example, in this diagram,
there are 6 electrons on the
outer ring, this means it must
be in group 6 on the periodic
table.
- The Neutrons and Protons are
found in the nucleus which is at the
centre of the diagram.
- Example
- This atom diagram has the electron number - 2,8,1
- It has 3 shells and the last shell
has 1 electron on it, this means it
is in group 1 on the periodic table
- The total number of electrons is 11. This
means the element must be Sodium.
- This atom diagram has the electron number - 2,8,1
- Theories
- Dalton
- He came up with some theories in the
1800's. He did many tests and came to
these main conclusions
- All matter is made of
atoms
- Atoms can't be made any
smaller
- Compounds are made when 2
or more atoms are joined
together
- All matter is made of
atoms
- He came up with some theories in the
1800's. He did many tests and came to
these main conclusions
- JJ
Thompson
- He discovered the electron in
1897. He found out that atoms
could be broken into smaller
peices.
- He discovered the electron in
1897. He found out that atoms
could be broken into smaller
peices.
- Rutherford
- In 1911 Ernest Rutherford used
experiments to show that an atom
contains a central nucleus. This
supported the fact that an atom can
be broken into smaller pieces.
- In 1911 Ernest Rutherford used
experiments to show that an atom
contains a central nucleus. This
supported the fact that an atom can
be broken into smaller pieces.
- Bohr
- Neil further developed
Rutherford idea of the
atomic model. He found
out that electrons orbit
the nucleus in shells.
- Neil further developed
Rutherford idea of the
atomic model. He found
out that electrons orbit
the nucleus in shells.
- Dalton
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