1.1 system, 1,2 memory & 1.3 storage

1.1 system, 1,2 memory & 1.3 storage

1. Hardware The physical (you can touch them) components that make up a computer system (e.g. RAM, fan, mouse)

   • Software The virtual (you can't touch them) programs or applications that a computer can run (e.g word processor, browser, file manager)
     • Input device Device that transmits data into the computer so that it can be processed (e.g. buttons, gamepad, keyboard, microphone)
       • Input device DevicOutput device Device that presents the results of processing to the user (e.g. screen, speakers, LED, Motor)
         • Harvard architecture Stores programs and data in separate memory units. Entering or altering programs is harder with this method
           • Peripheral Also known as a device. A piece of hardware connected to the central processing unit / computer to provide input, output or backing storage
             • MAR (Memory address register) Holds memory address about to be used by the CPU
               • MDR (Memory Data Register) Holds data or instructions that have been fetched from memory
                 • Program Counter Holds the memory address of the instruction for each cycle
                   • Accumulator Stores the results of the calculations done by the ALU
                     • ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) Performs logical operations (AND, OR, NOT), Shift operations and Arithmetic operations (+,-, *, / )
                       • CU (Control Unit) Controls activities in the CPU (Such as flow of data between CPU and other parts) and makes FDE cycle happen in correct order
   • CPU Central processing Unit - This processes all of the data and instructions that make a computer system work
     • Von Neumann architecture Traditional computer architecture that forms the basis of most digital computer systems. Programs and data can be stored in the same memory unit.