HTML

HTML

1. Layout

   • Titles
     • What is HTML?
       • HTML is a markup language for describing web documents (web pages).
   • A Small HTML Document
     • Example <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Page Title</title> </head> <body>
       • <h1>My First Heading</h1> <p>My first paragraph.</p> </body> </html>

2. HTML Tags

   • HTML tags are keywords (tag names) surrounded by angle brackets
   • <tagname>content goes here...</tagname>
   • • HTML tags normally come in pairs like <p> and </p>
   • • The first tag in a pair is the start tag, the second tag is the end tag
   • • The end tag is written like the start tag, but with a forward slash inserted before the tag name
   • The start tag is also called the opening tag, and the end tag the closing tag.
   • Web Browsers
     • • The end tag is written like the start tag, but with a forward slash inserted before the tag name
     • The browser does not display the HTML tags, but uses them to determine how to display the document:

3. HTML Page Structure Below is a visualization of an HTML page structure: <html> <head> <title>Page title</title> </head> <body> <h1>This is a heading</h1> <p>This is a paragraph.</p> <p>This is another paragraph.</p> </body>

4. The <!DOCTYPE> Declaration

   • The <!DOCTYPE> declaration represents the document type, and helps the browser to display a web page correctly
   • It must only appear once, at the top of the page (before any HTML tags).
   • There are different document types. To display a web page correctly, the browser must know both type and version
   • The doctype declaration is not case sensitive. All cases are acceptable