Chapter 2 Test

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Catholic Church Still Popular

- Positives for the Church

1. Every village or town has a saint and a saint day

2. Donations (tithe) - To get to heaven

3. Will's - Leave money to church

4. People of all classes were still Catholic

5. Brethren of common Good-Thomas Kempis

-Thomas Kempis wrote a book (Imitation of Christ)

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The Reformation

Conditions of the Catholic Church (1400-1517)

Church's reputation was damaged by literature

Great Schism

Humanists bashing them

Clerical Morality

Pluralism

Absenteeism

Albert is a Bishop that has many churches

Fuggars family loaned money

Tetzel

Indulgences shorten time in purgatory

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Martin Luther

SALVATION BY FAITH ALONE

- October 31, 1517 "Ninety-five Theses" Published

- What makes Luther different

- First major work was "On Christian Liberty"

- Inspired the Swabian Peasants Demands

- Luther responds with "Against the Thieving, Murderous Hordes of Peasants"

Other Protestant Faiths...

THE ANABAPTISTS

- "to baptize again"

- Voluntary association - see the light

- Separation of church and state

- Women in ministry

- Quakers, Baptists, Congregationalists, US Constitution

- Found by Menno Simmons and Thomas Muntzer

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Other Protestant Faiths...

John Calvin and Calvinism

- Geneva becomes theocracy

- Institutes of The Christian Faith

- Predestination

- Genevan Catechism

- Consistory

- Michael Servetus

Predestination-It's already determined where you are going heaven or hell

- Very strict society

The English Reformation

- Henry VIII

- Anglican Church

- Date back to 1300's, driven underground by 1400's

- Stress individuals reading and interpretation of Bible

- Opposed other Catholic beliefs

- Lollardy

- "Lollardy and Humanism prepared the soil for seeds, Henry's unhappy marriages were the plow."

The Marriages of Henry VIII

- Arthur and Catherine of Aragon

- Henry had needed papal dispensation to marry her in the first place

- Henry and Catherine have one child- Mary

- According to Henry, a female heir will lead to another War of the Roses

- The solution for Henry is another wife and a son

- Henry asks Pope Clement VII for annulment

- If they admit that the pope was wrong that would have added to the Reformation

- Clement VII refuses to annul the marriage

- Henry's response is to remove England from Papal jurisdiction

- Act in Restraint of Appeals (2533)

- Act of Submission of the Clergy (1534)

- The Supremacy Act (1534)

- Anne Boleyn has no sons only Elizabeth

- Beheaded

- Jane Seymour had Edward

- Anne of Cleaves

- Anne lives as sister

- Cromwell-Beheaded

- Kathrine Howard

- Howard - beheaded

- Katherine Parr

- Parr- outlives Henry

- 6 wives total

- Edward his son takes over England later

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The Reformation

CATHOLIC REFORMATION

- Renewal - through spiritual fervor

- 1512 Lateran Council

- Popes slow to make reform

- opes resist conciliar movement

CATHOLIC COUNTER-REFORMATION

- Paul III

- Council of Trent (1545-1563)

- Reform church and reconcile with Protestants (failed)

- Dealt with doctrinal and disciplinary matters

- Give validity to Scriptures, Sacraments, and transubstantiation

- Strengthen ecclesiastical discipline

RELIGIOUS ORDERS

- Order of Nuns

- Angela Merici

- Teach young girls

- Society of Jesus

- Ignatius Loyola

- Spiritual Exercises

- Jesuit schools

- Missionaries

CONGREGATION OF THE HOLY OFFICE

- Italian

- Ran Inquisition

- Index of Prohibited books

- Caraffa

- After Reformation

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BAROQUE ART AND MUSIC

Rubens

Characteristics

Almost identical to Renaissance but more instruments

Art differs from Renaissance from people just sitting there to people doing things

Ma -----> Renaissance -----> Baroque -----> Directed ----> 1870's

People Feeling Emotion You Choose

Emotion 1820's Emotion

RELIGIOUS FERVOR

- Intensity

- Determination to destroy other religions for their own gain

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