The Number System - created from Mind Map

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Mathematical Operations

There are only four!

Dvision

Division (÷ or /) is splitting into equal parts or groups.

Ex: 12 ÷ 3 = 4

12 / 3 = 4

12 is the dividend.

3 is the divisor.

4 is the quotient.

Multiplication

Multiplication (•) is repeated addition.

5 • 3 = 5 + 5 + 5 = 15

5 and 3 are factors.

15 is the product.

Addition

Addition (+) is finding the total, or sum, by combining two or more numbers.

Ex: 5 + 3 + 2 = 10

5, 3, 2 are addends

10 is the sum or total

Subtration

Subtraction (-) is taking one number away from another.

5 − 2 = 3

5 is the minuend.

2 is the subtrahend.

3 is the difference.

Distributive

2(x+4)

2(x) + 2(4)

2x+8

Commutative

4 • 2 = 2 • 4

Associative

(2 • 3) 4 = 2 (3 • 4)

Multiplicative Inverse

8 • (1/8) = 1

Multiplicative Identity

5 • 1 = 5.

Properties of Addition

Additive Identity

5 + 0 = 5

Associative Property

(2 + 3) + 4 = 2 + (3 + 4)

Additive Inverse

5 - 5 = 0

Commutative

4+2 = 2+4

Distributive

2(x+4)

2(x) + 2(4)

2x+8

Complex Numbers

A combination of a real and an imaginary number in the form a + bi, where a and b are real numbers and i = √(−1)

√(-5)

-3i (where a = 0)

1+2i

4 (where b = 0)

Real Numbers

Can be positive or negative or zero

Nearly any number you can think of is a Real Number

Represented on a number line

Irrational

Non-terminating decimals, non-repeating decimals

square root of 2

pi

Rational

A rational number is a number that can be in the form p/q

where p and q are integers and q is not equal to zero.

Finite or terminating decimals

percentage

repeating decimals

fractions that have numerator and demonimator

Integers

Whole numbers that include negatives

Composites that can be factored as prime numbers

Whole Numbers

Non-negative, no fractions, includes zero

Natural Numbers

Counting numbers not including zero

Equations

Polynomials

Systems of equations

Variables and solving unknowns

Funtions

Derivatives

f(x)

Inputs and outputs

critical numbers

Graphs

x- and y-axis, input and output, organizes data

Tables

Input and output, organizes data

Number line

Includes Fractions and integers

Useful to measure, divide, find GCF and LCM

Inequalities

Greater than, greater than or equal to, less than, less than or equal to

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