Absolutist and Relativist Revision

Explain the differences between Absolutism and Relativism in less than 100 words

Absolutism is the belief that a set of rules/ morals are always applicable and must always be followed by all, without exception. They are universal to all and are objective. They are typically associated with being Deontological, meaning they focuses solely upon the morally of the action itself, not the consequences of it. Relativism is the belief that morals change depending upon the situation, meaning what is morally correct at one time is not always. They are subjective and typically Teleological, meaning they focus upon the outcome of the action.

Give an Example of an absolutist ethical situation and a relativist situation

List some strengths and weaknesses of Absolutism and Relativistm

Absolutism

Relativism

Strengths-It allows for a universal law to be applied - resulting in an applicable legal system -It allows for us to state that other cultures/events have been wrong (eg The Holocaust, Slavery, Torture of the innocent)-It allows us to create and for all to obey a Declaration of Human Rights

Weaknesses-It allows for corruption if those in power declare corrupt absolute laws-It is difficult for all to decide on absolute morals, as all are influenced by differing backgrounds, cultures, religions ect-It can appear intolerant of cultural differences and of unique situations-As our understanding of the world and scientific advances increase our morals may become outdated and no longer applicable. 

Strengths-It allows for differing beliefs in different cultures-It is flexible so can be applied to a wide range of people and unique situations-it allows people to decide their morals personal to them - allows people to make moral decisions separate to religion or government (where these may be corrupt)

Weaknesses-It makes a universal law impossible - therefore an ordered society is impossible -It means there can be no criticisms of past events such as Slavery, the Holocaust, human sacrifice - therefore meaning societies would be slower to progress-It provides little reason/motivation for behaving morally-Ethical beliefs can be stopped once challenged - primitive beliefs end and new emerge

Revision