Human Anatomy and Physiology Notes

Chapter 1.1 Questions and Answers

• Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe their subdivisions
• Explain the principle of complementarity
• Checking understand
• 1.) In what way does Physiology depend on Anatomy
• Anatomy is the making of structures and Physiology is dependent as it studies how these structures work together and are formed
• 2.) Would you be studying anatomy or physiology if you investigated how muscles shorten? If you explored the location of the lungs in the body?
• Physiology as you can't use your naked eye and is studying how the bone came short.

Anatomy and Physiology

• Anatomy
• The structure of and relationship between body parts
• Subdivisions
• Gross or Macroscopic Anatomy
• - Study of large body structures visible to the naked eye.
• Gross Anatomy
• - To Cut up
• Regional Anatomy
• - All the structures in a particular region of the body are examined at the same time.
• Systematic Anatomy
• - Body structure is studied, system by system
• Surface Anatomy
• - The study of internal structures as they relate to overlying skin surface
• Microscopic Anatomy
• - Deals with structure that are to small to the naked eye
• Cytology - Consider the cells of the body
• Histology - Study of tissues
• Physiology
• Function of the body.
• How the body part works and carry out their life-sustaining activities. Very much dependent on Anatomy.
• Renal Physiology
• -Kidney function and Urine Production
• Neurophysiology
• -The workings of the nervous system
• Cardio vascular physiology
• - Operation of the heart and blood vessels

Continue...

• Development Anatomy
• - Traces structural changes that occur throughout the lifespan
• Pathological Anatomy
• - Structural change caused by disease
• Radiographic Anatomy
• - Internal structures visualized by X-Ray
• Anatomical terminology palpation
• - Feeling organs with your hands
• Auscultation - Listening to organ sounds

Complementarity

• Principle of Complementarity of structure and function
• - What a structure can do it depend on its form

Chapter 1.2 The body's organization

• Questions
• Name the different levels of structural organization that make up the human body, and explain their relationships.