Atoms and Elements - created from Mind Map

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Periodic Table

Atomic structure

Reactivity series

Purity, Compounds and mixtures

Arranged in order of:

Arranged horizontally in atomic mass

Arranged in metals, metalloids, non-metals

Also arranged in groups

Dark pink = alkali metals

Orange = alkali-earth metals

Light yellow = transition metals

Right- hand side = non-metals

Group 10= noble gases

89-103= Rare earths

Atomic number

Symbol

No. of protons in nucleus

Element Name

Atomic mass

The no. of protons and neutrons it has

Electrons are kept in shells

Nucleus keeps protons and neutrons

1st shell keeps 2 electrons

Same amount of electrons as protons

2nd and 3rd shell keeps 8 electrons

Have the same electrical charge

Because of this, the atom has no electrical charge

Displacement reactions

Occurs when a more reactive metal replaces the less reactive metal in the metal compound

Zinc+ Iron Oxide ---> Zinc oxide + Iron

Zn + FeO ---> ZnO + Fe

Any metals above Al, can be extracted by electrolysis

Any metal below carbon, can be extracted

Metals below Hydrogen can be extracted better

Purity

Elements, compounds, mixtures

Pure substances

Impure substances

contains of only one element or compound

Has exact boiling point

Mixture of various elements and compounds

Inexact boiling point

Element: substance that only contains the same atoms

compounds: substance that contains two elements chemically bonded

Mixture: substance that contains various other substances not chemically joined