12. Sampling and Hypothesis Testing - created from Mind Map

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H0 is the Null hypothesis or default claim eg earth is round

H1 is Hypothesis and is what is not currently proven and rejects H0

Testing

Population v Sample

Sampling Methods

uses plot graph for null and H1 to see any difference

p-value

Type 1 error

The p-value given by a statistical test answers this question. It gives you the probability of obtaining a difference of this size or larger, assuming that the null hypothesis is true i.e., the chances that the result is a false positive Smaller p-values = good! Result “unlikely” to be due to chance

Rejecting the null hypothesis when it is actually true = Type 1 Error

An alpha of 0.05 indicates that you are willing to accept a 5% chance that you are wrong when you reject the null hypothesis. If alpha = 0.05, then p-values < .05 are “statistically significant”

Population is all

Sample is represented group of population

Probability Sampling

non-probability sampling