Chapter4:Implications from Phonlogy for Teaching Reading and teaching a Second Language - created from Mind Map

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Explain the Matthew Effect for reading.

Stanovich used the biblical concept found in the book of Matthew that the rich get richer and the little the poor have will be taken away from them for his little. He also noted that good readers read more,and the benefits of reading,such as increased vocabulary,make these good readers better.On the other hand, the poor readers read less over time, and because they read less, they fall farther behind their classmates.

Two Views of Phonemic Awareness

Sociopsycholinguistic perspective,then,awarness of phonemes develops as children acquire oral langauge.Ex. When they are read to,children connect this knowledge of sounds to letters.(subcouscious).Researchers who take a word recognition view of reading have defined phonemic awareness as the ability to perceive and manipulate the sounds (the phonomes) that make up words in oral language.Metalinguistics refers to knowledge about lanaguage.

Explain what difficulties a Spanish-speaker would be expected to encounter when learning English. (p.92-94)

1.Phonological differences 2.Exercises or tests that focus on the sounds themselves 3.The use of nonsense words ensures that students focus on the sounds,not the meaning.

What does “there is a reciprocal causation between phonemic awareness and reading” mean?

Good readers have phonemic awareness,but this correlation does not show clearly which factor is the cause and which is the effect.Stanovich use the term reciprocal to account for a bidiretional relationship.

What are the components of a reading program that is “taught and learned?

1.Phonemic awareness skills 2.Names and sounds of letters 3.Phonics rules 4.Sight words 5.Structural analysis skills

Phonological awareness – is the ability to distinguish larger units of speech, such as words and syllables.

Phonemic awareness – is the ability to identify the phonemes in a word and manipulate them in various ways, such as adding a phoneme, deleting a phoneme, or substituting a phoneme.

What is the difference between phonemic awareness and phonics instruction?

Chapter4:Implications from Phonlogy for Teaching Reading an…