Separation Techniques

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Simple Distillation

Used to separate a liquid and a solid that are in solution

Liquid is collected

E.g: Obtaining pure water from salty water

Fractional Distillation

Used to separate liquids with different boiling points

E.g: Obtaining different fractions from crude oil

Filtration

Used to separate a liquid and a solid that is insoluble

Liquid filtrate passes through the filter paper

Solid residue remains on the filter paper

E.g: Sand and water

Crystallisation

Used to separate a liquid and a solid that are in solution

Only solid is collected

E.g: Obtaining salt from salty water

Paper Chromatography

Used to separate solids that are dissolved in the same solvent

Solid that is most soluble travels the furthest

Each dot represents a different solid

E.g: Different inks

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