Atomic structure and bonding

The atomic structure and bonding

• Introduction:
• The atomic structure has electrons, protons, and neutrons. They are particles which one of them have a positive, negative and no charge. The middle is the nucleus. Every element has a nucleus.
• There is two types of bonding called ionic bonding and covalent bonding. There are two bondings that have a different type of process in bonding.
• First, lets look at the atomic structure.

Atomic structure

• 
• 
• Electrons
• Charge: e−
• Mass: 1/1896
• Protons
• Charge: +1
• Mass: 1
• Neutrons
• Charge: 0
• Mass: 1

Electrons, protons and neutrons

• Nucleus has positive charge due to the proton in the nucleus. Electrons move around the shells.
• The number of protons are the number of the atomic number.
• Atoms have no charge, so the number of protons are equal to the number of electrons.
• The numbers of neutrons are the number of mass number subtracted by the number of protons.
• Example:
• Chlorine
• Mass number: 35.45
• Atomic number: 17
• Protons = atomic number = 17
• Electrons = protons = 17
• Neutrons = mass number - atomic number = 18.45