Renal Masses

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Benign renal tumors:

Papillary adenoma

oncocytoma

Mesoblastic nephroma

multilocular cystic nephroma

metanephric adenoma

Malignant renal tumors:

Clear cell

Papillary (Type 1 and Type II)

Chromophobe

Collecting duct carcinoma

Important Mutations:

Clear cell: 3p deletion --> VHL

Papillary: 7, 17 polysomy, C-met mutation , fumarate hydrates mutation

Chromophobe: folliculin

Collecting duct: Sickle cell associated mutation

Paraneoplastic syndromes: should all resolve its resection, if not, confers a poor prognosis

ESR

elevated ALP

HyperCa2+ (PTHrP)

HTN (hyperrenin)

Stauffer's syndrome

Anemia

Fever

polycythemia

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