Quiz
CHAPTER 11
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Fragen in diesem Quiz (70)
1All of the following Freudian ideas were reinterpreted by David Funder in the textbook EXCEPT
________.- Aidentification with parents during the phallic stage
- Bthe stages of psychosexual development
- Cthe definition of libido
- Dthe concept of defense mechanisms
2Most neo-Freudians rely on information from ________ to test or verify their ideas.
- Acontrolled experiments
- Barchival and field studies
- CFreud’s original case descriptions
- Dpatient histories and introspection
3In general, neo-Freudians ________.
- Aare strict followers of Freudian ideas
- Brepresent the majority of psychologists working in universities today
- Cuse the same research methods Freud advocated
- Drarely practice psychoanalysis
4Modern psychoanalytic theory deviates from Freudian theory because it focuses less on ________ and
more on ________.- Asex; ego
- Badults; children
- Cattachment; development
- Dmothers; fathers
5Compared to Freud, ego psychologists pay a good deal of attention to ________.
- Aconscious thought
- Bunconscious thought
- Crelationships with fathers
- Dthe Big Five traits
6One difference between the neo-Freudians and Freud is that nearly all neo-Freudians ________.
- Aplace more emphasis on early childhood development
- Bput more emphasis on interpersonal relationships
- Cadhere to evolutionary theory and emphasize the importance of sex as a motivator
- Demphasize the importance of unconscious processes in the determination of behavior
7Most neo-Freudians differ from Freud in three major respects. Which of the following is NOT one of
these differences?- AThey emphasize a more scientific approach than Freud did.
- BSexuality is less emphasized by neo-Freudians.
- CConscious processes are emphasized more by neo-Freudians.
- DThey describe interpersonal relationships as the source of psychological health.
8Javier commonly asserts his dominance to his peers by picking fights or showing off how much weight
he can lift at the gym. What kind of overcompensating behavior is Javier displaying?- Aorgan inferiority
- Bmasculine protest
- Cinferiority complex
- Dbasic mistrust
9Adler felt that ________ was an important motivator of human thought and behavior.
- Athe collective unconscious
- Banimus
- Csocial interest
- Danxiety
10According to Adler, social interest is ________.
- Athe tendency to observe other people in their natural environments
- Bhis personal measure of sociability
- Can interest in dominance
- Dthe desire to relate productively to others
11Which of the following concepts is NOT associated with Adler?
- Afeminine protest
- Binferiority complex
- Cmasculine protest
- Dorgan inferiority
12Tom was a sickly child and always felt helpless. According to Adler, as an adult Tom will probably
________.- Abe a complete invalid
- Blose all interest in his social environment
- Cattempt to overcompensate
- Dbecome obsessed with his persona
13Jane feels inferior to the people around her, but she tries to act like she is powerful and in control.
Adler would say that Jane is ________.- Aexperiencing the masculine protest
- Bexpressing her animus
- Cdeveloping a persona
- Dreacting to her social interest
14In order for a person to develop an inferiority complex, he or she must ________.
- Aactually have some disability that makes him or her inferior to others
- Bdeveloped narcissistic tendencies as a child.
- Chave feelings of inferiority as a child.
- Dhave a particularly strong superego
15What is the animus?
- Aa man’s idealized conception of women
- Ba woman’s idealized conception of men
- Cthe idealized conception of a nonhuman animal
- Dthe idealized conception of humankind
16Jung’s distinction between people who are outwardly oriented toward the world and those who are
turned in on themselves corresponds to ________.- AErikson’s stage of intimacy vs. isolation
- BFreud’s ideas of the oral and anal character types
- CJung’s own concept of animus and anima
- Dthe extraversion-introversion dimension of the Big Five
17Jung believed that we all share inborn, species-specific ideas and memories. This is Jung’s idea of
________.- Asocial interests
- Bcollective unconscious
- Canima
- Danimus
18From a Jungian perspective, a reoccurring image of a snake as the villain in myths and literature is an
example of a(n) ________.- Aanima
- Bsocial interest
- Cpersona
- Darchetype
19The idea that men and women each have a masculine and a feminine side is linked to Jung’s ideas
about ________.- Aintimacy and isolation
- Binferiority and compensation
- Cthe collective unconscious
- Danimus and anima
20What is the anima?
- Aa man’s idealized conception of women
- Ba woman’s idealized conception of men
- Cthe idealized conception of a nonhuman animal
- Dthe idealized conception of humankind
21Mike’s ideal mate is sensitive and intelligent. Mike’s idealized image of a woman is his ________.
- Aunconscious compensation
- Banimus
- Canima
- Dfeminine persona
22The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator measures ________.
- Athe Jungian classification of the four basic ways of thinking
- Bprototypical images of women and men
- Cthe Big Five traits
- Daspects of Erikson’s psychosocial stages of development
23Paul is always concerned about how he appears to others and thus wears a carefully chosen public
“face” in every situation. According to Jung, Paul has ________.- Aeffectively mediated the tension between the animus and anima
- Bbecome obsessed with his persona
- Ccreated a false archetype
- Dovercompensated for his sense of inferiority
24Horney felt that when women experience penis envy, it symbolizes their ________.
- Adesire to actually possess a penis
- Black of power and control in society
- Crejection of motherhood
- Ddissatisfaction with their own bodies
25Adult behavior, according to Horney, is based on efforts to ________.
- Aovercome the fear of being alone in a hostile world
- Bdeal with recurring Oedipal crises
- Cresolve interpersonal conflicts with significant others
- Drepress the collective unconscious
26Horney’s major deviation from traditional Freudian ideas was her ________.
- Aemphasis on anxiety
- Bview of penis envy
- Cideas about the development of neurotic needs
- Dlink between adult functioning and childhood struggles
27Throughout his childhood, in line with Horney’s theory, George developed the basic anxiety of being
alone and helpless. As an adult, George has most likely developed a neurotic need for all of the
following EXCEPT ________.- Afinding a partner who will solve all of his problems
- Bbeing loved by everybody
- Cfeeling accepted and secure
- Dbeing independent of everybody
28Katie begins online dating hoping she will meet her future husband and avoid becoming an old maid.
Her attempt to avoid being alone is an example of ________.- Aa neurotic need
- Ba defense mechanism
- Ca depressive position
- Dan attachment style
29Freud’s oral stage corresponds to Erikson’s stage of ________.
- Agenerativity vs. stagnation
- Bbasic trust vs. mistrust
- Cinitiative vs. guilt
- Dautonomy vs. shame and doubt
30Freud’s anal stage corresponds to Erikson’s stage of ________.
- Agenerativity vs. stagnation
- Bbasic trust vs. mistrust
- Cinitiative vs. guilt
- Dautonomy vs. shame and doubt
31Freud’s phallic stage corresponds to Erikson’s stage of ________.
- Aindustry vs. inferiority
- Bbasic trust vs. mistrust
- Cinitiative vs. guilt
- Dautonomy vs. shame and doubt
32Freud’s latency period corresponds to Erikson’s stage of ________.
- Agenerativity vs. stagnation
- Bidentity vs. identity confusion
- Cinitiative vs. guilt
- Dindustry vs. inferiority
33Erikson’s view is distinct from Freudian theory in that he believed psychological development
________.- Aoccurs primarily in early childhood
- Bcontinues to change throughout the life span
- Cdepends on the resolution of the Oedipal complex
- Dinvolves the investment of the libido at each stage
34Major differences between Erikson’s theory of personality development and Freud’s theory are
Erikson’s ideas regarding ________.- Athe functioning of the id and the physical location of libido
- Bdevelopment as occurring in a series of stages and the existence of the id
- Cthe role and pervasiveness of conscious conflict
- Dthe importance of parents to a child’s development
35In Erikson’s scheme, we progress from one crisis to another according to ________.
- Aprocesses of physical maturation
- Bdevelopmental tasks at different times of life
- Cthe successful repression of inappropriate id impulses
- Dthe physical location of libido at each stage
36What neo-Freudian concept or theory did Erik Erikson develop?
- Aattachment theory
- Bpsychosocial stages of development
- Cthe animus and anima
- Dobject relations theory
37Which sequence represents the correct order for Erikson’s first three psychosocial stages?
- Abasic trust vs. mistrust; initiative vs. guilt; autonomy vs. shame and doubt
- Bbasic trust vs. mistrust; autonomy vs. shame and doubt; initiative vs. guilt
- Cbasic trust vs. mistrust; initiative vs. guilt; identity vs. identity confusion
- Didentity vs. identity confusion; intimacy vs. isolation; basic trust vs. mistrust
38Jamal is entering his freshman year of high school. According to Erikson’s psychosocial stages, Jamal
is likely to face a(n) ________.- Ainferiority complex
- Bstruggle for intimacy
- Cidentity crisis
- Dsense of shame and doubt
39Martha just turned 55 years old and is about to see her last born off to college. According to Erikson,
what psychosocial crisis is Martha likely to experience?- Agenerativity vs. stagnation
- Bintimacy vs. isolation
- Cintegrity vs. despair
- Dindustry vs. inferiority
40Ellen is a 50-year-old woman who is raising her two grandchildren, is active in her community, and is
learning how to paint. According to Erikson’s theory, Ellen has chosen ________.- Aindustry
- Binitiative
- Cintegrity
- Dgenerativity
41Modern developmental psychology has been most influenced by Erikson’s idea that psychological
development ________.- Aoccurs in stages
- Bis influenced by parents
- Chappens across the life span
- Dis dependent on physical maturation
42Some psychologists maintain that your relationships with other people are based on the images of them
that you hold in your mind. Psychologists who emphasize this idea are known as ________ theorists.- Aobject relations
- BEriksonian
- CAdlerian
- Dego
43Dr. Ders is a psychotherapist who emphasizes the importance of relating to others as real people who
have mixtures of virtues and vices. Dr. Ders is most likely a therapist in the tradition of ________.- AFreudian theory
- Bneo-Freudian theory
- CEriksonian theory
- Dobject relations theory
44According to Winnicott, a niffle is transitional because ________.
- Ait helps the child shift from a time when adults constantly took care of him or her
- Bit is useful when moving from place to place
- Cit is an object that is personified by children
- Dit enables a child to put on a false self
45According to D. W. Winnicott, a niffle is a(n) ________.
- Aaffectionate name for a friend who helps children cope with separation from parents
- Btransitional object that helps children bridge the gap between fantasy and reality
- Cimaginary friend that helps children cope with separation from parents
- Dtechnique to measure objects in children
46According to Melanie Klein, the ________ position refers to a child’s desire to destroy the bad parts of
an object because he or she fears being destroyed by them.- Adepressive
- Bdestructive
- Cpsychotic
- Dparanoid
47According to Melanie Klein, the ________ position refers to a child’s desire to worship and protect the
good parts of an object because he or she fears losing them.- Adepressive
- Bconstructive
- Cenhancing
- Dparanoid
48According to Melanie Klein, a child who idealizes a parent also ________.
- Afeels hatred toward that parent
- Bfeels unconditional love toward that parent
- Cdesires to have all of that parent’s traits
- Dfeels very ambivalent toward that parent
49What is the overarching principle of object relations theory?
- ADream objects have a special significance to the person’s waking life.
- BEvery object we encounter reflects our unconscious experience.
- CWe relate to others through our mental images of them.
- DWe project psychological characteristics on physical objects.
50In psychoanalytic terms, objects are ________.
- Apieces of unconscious material against which the ego defends itself
- Bpatients undergoing psychoanalytic therapy
- Cemotionally important people and relationships in one’s life
- Dcreated by emotionally unimportant people in one’s life
51The object relations theorist Melanie Klein suggests that important love relationships are mixed with
emotions such as envy, fear, and guilt. People react to these emotions by ________.- Aavoiding close relationships
- Bresorting to idealizations of relationships
- Cregressing to early stages of psychosexual development
- Dadopting a new object
52According to the object relations theorist D. W. Winnicott, the purpose of a transitional object is to
________.- Acompensate for an inferiority complex
- Bdefend the superego from unconscious urges
- Cprotect the true self by keeping it invisible
- Dcompensate for the fact that we cannot have our loved ones with us all of the time
53According to the object relations theorist D. W. Winnicott, the purpose of a false self is to ________.
- Acompensate for an inferiority complex
- Bdefend the superego from unconscious urges
- Cprotect the true self by keeping it invisible
- Dmotivate us to perform moral behavior
54Jimmy is a 5-year-old boy. When his parents leave him with a babysitter, he latches onto his stuffed
animal, Tim. In the terminology of the object relations theorist D. W. Winnicott, Tim is a(n) ________.- Atransitional object
- Bego object
- Cinstitutional object
- Darchetype
55A key theme of object relations theory is that ________.
- Aevery relationship has elements of satisfaction and frustration
- Bevery relationship is either pleasurable or frustrating
- Cunconscious processes determine the conflict among one’s objects
- Dwe are often able to overcome early maladaptive relationships and form mature love
relationships
56From the perspective of object relations theory, what is the purpose of psychotherapy?
- Ato enable an individual to come to terms with his or her phobias and irrational fears
- Bto help minimize use of defense mechanisms
- Cto encourage free expression of hate, anger, love and fear
- Dto help minimize the difference between the true and false selves
57According to Drew Westen, all of the following studies might be described as psychoanalytic research
EXCEPT a study ________.- Aabout genetic contributions to infant attachment
- Babout the impact of sexual and aggressive wishes on behavior
- Cto determine the impact of early child-rearing practices on adult personality characteristics
- Dabout self-deception and self-defensive thought
58According to the text, what is one reason why psychoanalytic theory is NOT advancing in academic
departments?- AResearch psychologists are often ignorant of psychoanalytic thinking.
- BNo one is interested in psychoanalytic thinking, not even psychoanalysts.
- CPsychoanalytic thinking has been perfected with object relations theory, so there is no
room for advancement. - DNeo-Freudians respect Freud too much to contradict his theory.
59Which statement is most true regarding the influence of Freud?
- AFreud’s ideas about the Oedipal crisis have empirical support.
- BFreud’s ideas no longer hold any influence in current psychoanalysis
- CFew people find psychoanalytic theory interesting or insightful.
- DFreudian ideas continue to influence psychology today.
60Which of the following Freudian ideas is NOT supported by modern research?
- ADenial is a defense mechanism that the unconscious mind uses to keep a perception from
emerging into consciousness. - BThe Oedipal crisis occurs in the phallic stage.
- CMuch of what the mind does is unconscious.
- DThere is evidence of conflict between different mental processes.
- ADenial is a defense mechanism that the unconscious mind uses to keep a perception from
61An element of Freudian theory that has been most supported in modern attachment theory and research
is that ________.- Aattachments can form only between mothers and infants
- Bthe attachment bond is formed by the caregiver meeting the child’s oral needs
- Cearly relationships with parents form models for later romantic attachments
- Dattachment styles are determined by the successful resolution of the Oedipal crisis
62The psychological goal of attachment is to ________.
- Afeel secure
- Bpossess the parent sexually
- Cavoid conflict with authority figures
- Dmanipulate others
63What are the three types of attachment in children, according to attachment theory?
- Aanxious-ambivalent, avoidant, dependent
- Banxious-ambivalent, avoidant, secure
- Canxious-ambivalent, dependent, secure
- Davoidant, dependent, secure
64According to Bowlby, the basis of love is ________.
- Afriendship
- Battachment
- Cfear
- Dsecurity
65Research suggests that anxious-ambivalent children are relatively likely to become adults who tend to
________.- Abe obsessed with their romantic partners
- Bbe relatively uninterested in romantic relationships
- Chave high self-esteem and confidence
- Denjoy long, stable romantic relationships
66Research suggests that avoidant children are likely to become adults who tend to________.
- Abe obsessed with their romantic partners
- Bbe relatively uninterested in romantic relationships
- Chave high self-esteem and confidence
- Denjoy long, stable romantic relationships
67Susie is an infant participating in a strange situation. When her mother leaves the room, Susie does not
seem to care. Upon her mother’s return, Susie ignores her. What kind of attachment does Susie have to
her mother?- Aanxious-ambivalent
- Bavoidant
- Crejecting
- Ddepressive
68What question is most useful to ask when evaluating the psychoanalytic approach?
- AIs this approach scientific?
- BIs this approach morally wrong?
- CDoes this approach raise unanswered questions about human behavior?
- DHow would Freud use this approach to evaluate the behavior of his patients?
69Classic psychoanalytic theory assumes development ________ whereas contemporary developmental
psychology assumes development ________.- Arelies on nature; relies on nurture
- Bstops after adolescence; continues throughout adulthood
- Ccontinues throughout adulthood; stops after adolescence
- Drelies on nurture; relies on nature
70According to the text, a neo-Freudian would most likely believe the following EXCEPT ________.
- Amuch of mental life (i.e. thoughts, feelings, motives) is unconscious
- Bchildhood experiences shape the personality developed in adulthood
- Crelationships formed with parents repeat later in adulthood
- Dyoung boys are shaped by the experience of admiration and love for their mother and
bitter jealousy for their father
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- Psychology 150 Quiz am CHAPTER 11, erstellt von J P am 04/12/2017.
- Autor
- J P
- Sprache
- English
- Aufrufe
- 12
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