Quiz
PSYO2090 - Section 3
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Fragen in diesem Quiz (51)
1The philosophical study of how we come to acquire knowledge is known as
- Aendocrinology
- Bepistomology
- Cepiphenomenology
- Dcognitive development
- Egenetic phenomenology
- Fontology
2Which od the following statements might Piaget have made about object permanence?
- A"Children show no understanding of object permanence until they can pass invisible displacement task"
- B"Children show no understanding of object permanence until they reach the proportional stage"
- C"Children are born with a sense of object permanence; however, they are unable to show their understanding of this concept until about 8 months of age"
- D"Children at about six months show some signs of an understanding of object permanence; they will reach for objects in the dark at this age"
- E"Children show no understanding of object permanence before 8 months"
- F"Children show no understanding of object permanence before 18 months"
3infants seem to understand that __________ , but not ___________ , can affect each other without contact
- Apeople; objects
- Binanimate objects; animate objects;
- Cobjects; people
- Doccluders; rods
- Epeople; rods
- Fballs; people
4which of the following statements is most true regarding how infants perceive the variable of height in occlusion, containment, and covering events?
- Ababies pay attention to height as a variable first in occlusion events, then in containment events, then in covering events
- Bbabies pay attention to height as a variable first in containment events, then in occlusion events, then in covering events
- Cbabies pay attention to height as a variable first in covering events, then in occlusion events, then in containment events
- Dbabies pay attention to height as a variable first in containment events, then in covering events, then in occlusion events
- Ebabies pay attention to height as a variable first in occlusion events, then in covering events, then in containment events
- Fbabies pay attention to height as a variable first in covering events, then in containment events, then in occlusion events
5what task did infants need to be able to pass for Piaget to credit them with true sense of object permanence?
- Athe A-not-B error
- Binvisible displacement
- Csearching for an object hidden under a cloth
- Dsearching for an object in the dark
- Ethree mountains task
- Fsearching in a sandbox
6_____________ experiment showed that infants as young as 3 months expect objects to be _________
- ASpelke's; continuous
- BBaillargeon's; supported
- CLeslie and Keeble's; contiguous
- DBaillargeon's; coherent
- ELeslie and Keeble's; supported
- FSpelke's; cohesive
7in a series of experiments discussed in your textbook, it was shown that 4- to 6-year-olds have the following understanding of growth
- Athey believe that animals and plants can grow, but not artifacts; however they believe there needs to be an intention to grow on the part of the animal and an intention of the farmer for the plant to grow
- Bthey think that everything grows, including artifacts
- Cthey believe that animals and plants can grow, but not artifacts and the also understand that living things will grow whether or not there is an intention to do so
- Dthey believe that animals and plants can grow, but not artifacts; however, they believe there need to be an intention to grow
- Ethey believe that animals can grow, but not artifacts and plants
- Fnone of the above
8which of the following statements is most true un general about cross-cultural studies of the understanding of biology and the ability to make many inferences about biological creatures?
- Ayoung urban children are less advances in their knowledge of biology than children from rural cultures but they eventually catch up
- Burban children are more advanced in their knowledge of biology than children from rural cultures
- Curban children are less advanced in their knowledge of biology than children from rural cultures
- Dyoung urban children are more advanced in their knowledge of biology than children from rural cultures and they never catch up
- Eyoung rural children are more advanced in their knowledge of biology than children from urban cultures and they eventually catch up
- FThere are no differences between urban and rural children on their understanding of biology
9which of the following subjects is not one that is discussed in your textbook as being an early-developing, domain-specific area of core knowledge
- Anumber
- Bspatial relations
- Cbiology
- Dchemistry
- Ephysical properties of objects
- FC and E
10which of the following statements is most true regarding a 6-month-old's ability to discriminate numbers of objects?
- Ainfants of this age can discriminate a 2:3 ratio but not a 4:5 ratio
- Binfants of this age can discriminate a 1:2 ratio but not a 2:3 ratio
- Cinfants of this age can discriminate a 1:2 ratio but not a 1:5 ratio
- Dinfants of this age can discriminate 16 items from 32 but not 16 from 24
- EC and D
- FB and D
11which of the following statements is most true about infants understanding of number?
- Athey likely have two separate, yet highly related systems, to help them discriminate numbers
- Bthey likely have two separate and relatively distinct systems, to help them discriminate numbers
- Cthey are unable to discriminate numbers except one object from more than one object
- Dthey likely only have one system to help them discriminate numbers
- Ethey likely have multiple system to help them discriminate numbers
- Fnone of the above
12which of the following statements is most true regarding spatial reasoning in infants?
- Aan infant is most able to keep track of his location when using a walker
- Ban infant is most able to keep track of his location when he is led around by another person
- Can infant is most able to keep track of his location when he is carried there by another person
- Dan infant is most able to keep track of his location when he is crawling around on his own
- Ean infant is most able to keep track of his location when using any type of self-locomotion
- Fan infant is most able to keep track of his location when aided by the visual cliff
13According to Piaget, children in the ___________ period are ___________ and thus unable to pass the three mountains task
- Apre-operational; egocentric
- Bsensorimotor; perceptually driven
- Cpre-operational; perceptually driven
- Dsensorimotor; egocentric
- Econcrete operational; egocentric
- Fconcrete operational; perceptually driven
14which of the following statements about harlow's isolation studies on rhesus monkeys is NOT true
- Amonkeys who were kept in partial isolation experienced abnormal behaviour, including self-mutilation and stereotyped circling
- Bthe only very successful rehabilitation Harlow found for isolated monkeys was to place them with a younger peer
- Cmonkeys who were kept in total isolation for 30 days were enormously disturbed
- Dsome monkeys who were raised in isolation completely ignored their children
- Esome monkeys who were raised in isolation physically abused their children
- FA and C only
15when adult chimpanzees, orang-utans, and 2.5 year old children were given a battery of social and non-social problem solving tasks, the results revealed that
- Athere were no differences between the groups on any of the tasks
- Bthe non-human primates performed better than the toddlers on the social task, but were the same on the non-social task
- Cthe non-human primates performed better than the toddlers on the non-social task, but not the social task
- Dthere were no differences between the groups on the social tasks, but the toddlers performed better than the non-human primates on the non-social tasks
- Ethere were no differences between groups on the non-social tasks, but the toddlers performed better than the non-human primates on the social tasks
- FOrangutans performed as well as toddlers on both the social and non-social tasks, but chimpanzees performed as well as toddlers only on the non-social tasks
16which of the following social cognitive behaviours have evolved in other species as well?
- Aimitation and social referencing
- Bsocial referencing and pretend play
- Cjoint attention and social referencing
- Djoint attention and printed play
- Ejoint attention and imitation
- Fobject permanence and pretend play
17which of the following statements is NOT true regarding inversion effects?
- Athe inversion effect is evidence that we process faces in a different manner than other objects
- Bwe have a great deal of difficulty differentiating objects when we see them upside down
- Cthe cost of inversions about 25 percent for faces and 10 percent for other objects
- Dwe have a great deal of difficulty processing faces when we see them upside down
- Ethe cost of inversions is much higher for faces than objects
- Fa typical demonstration of the inversion effect involves a task in which a participant has to say which of the two pictures is identical to a third
18a U-shaped curve in face processing is seen in infants because
- Athey seem to prefer looking at face-like stimuli at 2 months then lose that preference until 6 months of age
- Bbabies don't show any clear preference for faces until about 6 months of age
- Cthey seem to prefer looking at face-like stimuli at birth then lose that preference until 6 months of age
- Dthey seem to prefer looking at face-like stimuli at birth then lose that preference until 2 months of age
- Ebabies don't show any clear preference for faces until about 2 months of age
- Fbabies respond to smiles more strongly than sad faces
19Gina, who is 3 years old, is show a Band-Aid box that really contains stickers. If asked what her best friend would think was inside, Gina would likely say
- A"Band-Aids"
- B"i don't know"
- C"stickers"
- D"Band-Aids or stickers"
- E"Smarties"
- Fit is impossible to know
20Rochat and his colleagues showed that
- A3 month olds preferred looking at scenes of two balls 'chasing' each other than two balls moving independently, suggesting they attributed intentionality to the first display
- B6 month olds, but not 3 month old, preferred looking at scenes of two balls 'chasing' each other than two balls moving independently, suggesting they attributed intentionality to the first display
- C3 month olds preferred looking at scenes of two balls 'chasing' each other than two balls moving independently, suggesting they attributed animacy to the first display
- D6 month olds, but not 3 month old, preferred looking at scenes of two balls 'chasing' each other than two balls moving independently, suggesting they attributed animacy to the first display
- Eonly adults distinguish between the two
- F6 month olds preferred looking at scenes of two balls 'chasing' each other than two balls moving independently, suggesting they attributed intentionality to the same scenes
21The social orienting view of autism states
- Athat individuals with autism are unable to easily orient their bodies in space, thus leading to an inability to pick up on subtle social cues
- Bthat individuals with autism find social stimuli aversive
- Cthat individuals with autism show learned social orienting that typically developing individuals do
- Dthat individuals with autism fail to show the inborn social orienting that typically developing individuals do
- Eall of the above
- Fnone of the above
22which of the following is most true regarding the theory of mind abilities of dogs and chimps?
- Aneither have any understanding of ToM
- BBoth have an understanding of ToM that is similar to humans' understanding
- CDogs, but not chimps, have an understanding of ToM that is similar to humans' understanding
- DChimps, but not dogs, have an understanding of ToM that is similar to humans' understanding
- EChimps can solve the Smarties problem if a banana is used and dogs can solve the problem if a bone is used
- FBoth have some aspects of ToM, but their understanding is not as developed as humans
23which of the following statements is NOT true about the perceptual narrowing?
- Ait is a developmental process that leads to increased specialization
- Bit demonstrates the fact that nature is much more important than nurture in early development
- Cit leads to infants losing the ability to distinguish between categories that are not relevant to their survival
- Dinfants at 6 months of age are able to distinguish between faces in other species; at 9 months are not not able to make these distinctions
- Eit is seen very clearly in infants' loss of ability to distinguish faces of other species
- Finfants at 6 months are good at discriminating two human faces and are also good at distinguishing two monkey faces
24By 12 months, children are able to understand the basic intentions of others. This understanding is thought to be
- Aa precurser to a more sophisticated ToM
- Bunrelated to children's later ToM
- Cdue entirely to inborn mechanisms
- Ddue entirely to the "intention detector"
- Ea need all children have for a ToM
- Fevidence that they are developing representational ability
25____________ propposed that developing children have a language acquisition device
- ASkinner
- BHeyes
- CGoldin-Meadow
- DPinker
- EBaron-Cohen
- FChomsky
26According to Chomsky, the deep structure of the sentence is
- Aunderlying meaning of the sentence that children have to map the surface structure onto in order to understand sentences
- Bwhether the sentence is passive or active sentence
- Cthe underlying meaning of the sentence that children have direct access to
- Dhow the sentence is phrased
- Ethe unconscious meaning that language users try to hide
- Fnone of the above
27Individuals with Wernicke's aphasia will be unable to
- Aread and write, although they will be able to speak and understand language
- Bspeak at all although they will be able to understand language
- Cspeak in grammatically correct sentences
- Dunderstand speech, although they will be able to speak perfectly well
- Espeak or understand language
- Fuse the proper labels for people objects and actions
28If a child saw a picture of a camel in the desert, and his mother says "Thats a camel!", it would theoretically be possible for the child to interpret this word as meaning desert or the colour of the camel, or what the camel is doing. This is known as
- Athe ultimate logical problem
- Binstinct blindness
- Cthe problem of reference
- Dthe problem of labelling
- Ethe labelling dilemma
- Fthe object definition problem
29children around the age of 2 say things like "Daddy go" and "more juice". This is known as __________ speech.
- Arule-governed
- Bholographic
- Ccontextual
- Dungrammatical
- Etelegraphic
- Fimperative
30according to your textbook, what roles do operant conditioning and imitation play in language learning
- Aoperant conditioning and imitation have no role in language learning
- Boperant conditioning plays no role in language learning but imitation plays a very large role in language learning
- Coperant conditioning and imitation play a very small role in language learning
- Doperant conditioning and imitation play a very large role in the first three years of development but this role quickly diminishes with age
- Eimitation plays no role in language learning but operant conditioning plays a very large role in language learning
- Foperant conditioning and imitation play a very large role in language learning
31which of the following is most true regarding second-language learning and the brain?
- AIf your second language is learned before the age of 3, you will show no brain differences in processing grammar in your second language
- BIf your second language is learned before the age of 3, you will show no left hemisphere differenced in processing grammar in your second language but you will show more activation in your right hemisphere
- CIf your second language is learned before the age of 3, you will show no right hemisphere differenced in processing grammar in your second language but you will show more activation in your left hemisphere
- DIf your second language is learned before the age of 5, you will show no brain differences in processing grammar in your second language
- EIf your second language is learned before the age of 5, you will show no right hemisphere differenced in processing grammar in your second language but you will show more activation in your left hemisphere
- FA and C
32which of the following statements is most true regarding whether other animals have communication systems that can be called language?
- Athe only reason that other animals do not have language is that they do not have voice boxes capable of producing language
- Bthe more we study other animals, the more we realize that there are very few differences between their communication systems and our language
- Conly humans have language that is infinitely generated
- DA and B
33According to your textbook, ____________ showed that non-human primates were really not capable of learning language, at least in the way humans do
- ASue Savage-Rumbaugh
- BPenny Patterson
- CLaura-Ann Petitto
- DHerbert Terrace
- EAllen and Beatrice Gardner
- FCharles Darwin
34Sam know the basic colours. An experimenter shows him three objects: one is red, one is blue, and on which is an unusual shimmery colour that he has never seen before. If the experimenter asks Sam to pass her the "chromium one", Sam will likely pass her the shimmery object. Sam is taking advantage of
- Ahis innate constraints for learning
- Bhis language acquisition device
- Cthe taxonomic assumption
- Dthe whole-object assumption
- Ethe mutual exclusivity assumption
- Ffast mapping
35Peter Jusczyk allowed infants to suck on pacifiers that recorded the rate of sucking. Through this experiment he determined that very young infants
- Acan distinguish between phonemes of their native language and languages that are very similar to their native language
- Bprefer phonemes of their native language to that of others
- Ccan distinguish between all of the phonemes used in natural languages across the world
- Dprefer the phonemes that are present in languages that they had never heard before
- Eare able to parse all of the words to their native language into they phonetic components
- Fprefer the morphemes of their native language to that of other languages
36Which of the following is NOT mentions by your textbook as one of the specialized mechanisms or processes that the child is endowed with for language learning?
- Aa process for analyzing human speech from early age
- Ba language-learning gene
- Ca process to orient to language from an early age
- Da process for perceiving language from and early age
- Ea language acquisition mechanism
- FC and D
37Early empiricists believed that at least some knowledge is provided a priori
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
38Constraints on learning are the biased heuristics and privileged hypotheses that an animal uses when acquiring information about the world
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
39A pig or racoon can be taught to carry a token to exchange for food
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
40According to Leslie and Keeble's contact experiment, infants understand launch events at 27 months
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
41There is evidence that 5 month olds use colour, not appearance, shape, or spatial location to define an object
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
42much of our understanding of these effects of extreme isolation comes from experiments conducted in the late 1950s and early 1960s by Harry Harlow, who used rhesus monkeys as a model for early social development
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
43The social brain hypothesis suggests that the large group size and the cognitive complexity of relationships explains the big brains of primates
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
44according to B. F. Skinner, the central idea in social learning theory is that children learn by observing and imitating those in their social environments
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
45Pretend play is simulative or non-literal play, and involves creating representations of imagined actions, objects, or characters
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
46Simon Baron-Cohen first proposed that a deficit in ToM development was a defining feature of intentionality
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
47According to Markman, children use the whole-subject assumption, the taxidermic assumption, and the mutual exclusivity assumption
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
48Bialystok found that bilingual children have greater executive control than monolingual children
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
49previously isolated young deaf children in Nicaragua developed a fully grammatical sign language despite there being no adult to teach it to them
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
50American Sign Language and British Sign Language are different, mutually unintelligible languages, neither of which is a derivative of English
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
51A family living in England that is affected by specific language impairments has led scientists to conclude that a single gene, the "grammar gene', affects a person's ability to learn grammar
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- PSYO2090 - Developmental Psych Quiz am PSYO2090 - Section 3 , erstellt von allison-amber am 19/04/2015.
- Autor
- allison-amber
- Sprache
- English
- Aufrufe
- 1
- Verlauf
- Erstellt am 19 Apr 2015 · aktualisiert am 6 Apr 2018
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