Quiz
BT REVIEW
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1the [blank_start]blood[blank_end] provides the body with [blank_start]oxygen[blank_end] and [blank_start]nutrients[blank_end] while removing [blank_start]metabolic[blank_end] [blank_start]wastes[blank_end]
- Ablood
- Boxygen
- Cnutrients
- Dmetabolic
- Ewaste
2The human heart is located in the [blank_start]middle[blank_end] compartment of the [blank_start]mediastinum[blank_end] in the [blank_start]chest[blank_end], [blank_start]under[blank_end] the [blank_start]rib[blank_end] cage, [blank_start]left[blank_end] of the breastbone ([blank_start]sternum[blank_end]), [blank_start]in[blank_end] [blank_start]between[blank_end] the lungs.
- Amiddle
- Bmediastinum
- Cchest
- Drib
- Eunder
- Fleft
- Gsternum
- Hbetween
- Iin
3The human heart beats [blank_start]100,000[blank_end] times per day. That's over [blank_start]2.5 billion[blank_end] beats in an average lifetime.
- A100,000
- B2.5 billion
4The human heart at rest, the muscles of your heart work [blank_start]twice[blank_end] as hard as your [blank_start]leg[blank_end] muscles do when you are [blank_start]running[blank_end]!
- Atwice
- Bleg
- Crunning
5The amount of energy expanded by the heart in [blank_start]50[blank_end] years is enough to lift a battleship out of the water!
- A50
6The heart moves 2,000 gallons of blood each day. Approximately [blank_start]83[blank_end] gallons per [blank_start]hour[blank_end]!
- A83
- Bhour
7Babies hearts beat [blank_start]faster[blank_end] because the heart is [blank_start]smaller[blank_end] and cannot pump as much blood. [blank_start]Growing[blank_end] bodies also require a lot of oxygen.
- Afaster
- Bsmaller
- CGrowing
8The human heart is a [blank_start]muscular[blank_end] [blank_start]organ[blank_end] which [blank_start]pumps[blank_end] [blank_start]blood[blank_end] through the blood [blank_start]vessels[blank_end] of the [blank_start]circulatory[blank_end] system.
- Amuscular
- Borgan
- Cpumps
- Dblood
- Evessels
- Fcirculatory
9[blank_start]70[blank_end] -[blank_start]190[blank_end]
- A70
- B190
10[blank_start]80[blank_end] - [blank_start]160[blank_end]
- A80
- B160
11Heart Rate:
[blank_start]80[blank_end] -[blank_start]130[blank_end]
- A80
- B130
12Heart Rate:
[blank_start]80[blank_end] - [blank_start]120[blank_end]
- A80
- B120
13Heart Rate:
[blank_start]75[blank_end] - [blank_start]115[blank_end]
- A75
- B115
14Heart Rate:
[blank_start]70[blank_end] - [blank_start]110[blank_end]
- A70
- B110
15Resting Heart Rate:
[blank_start]60[blank_end] - [blank_start]110[blank_end]
- A60
- B110
16Label the 4 heart chambers:
- Aright atrium
- Bleft atrium
- Cright ventricle
- Dleft ventricle
17Label the heart valves, front, back:
- Atricuspid valve
- Bbicuspid valve aka mitral valve
- Caortic valve
- Dpulmonary valve
- Eback
- Ffront
18Electrical Conduction System of the Heart
- ASA node
- BAV node
- CBundle of His
- Dleft and right bundle branches
- EPurkinje fibers
19Anatomical Terms
- Aclosest to the point of attachment
- Bfarthest from the point of attachment
- Cclosest to the point of attachment
- Dfarthest from the point of attachment
20Anatomical Terms
- Aproximal
- Bdistal
- Cdistal
- Ddistal
21Anatomical Terms
- Ato split
22Anatomical Terms
answer format: _____/______
- Aabove/higher
- Blower/below
23Anatomical Terms
Different QRS Shapes
- Amorphology
24[blank_start]anterior[blank_end] - front
posterior - [blank_start]back[blank_end]
[blank_start]inferior[blank_end] - lower/below
superior - [blank_start]above/higher[blank_end]
[blank_start]proximal[blank_end] - closest to the point of attachment
distal - [blank_start]farthest[blank_end] from the point of attachment
[blank_start]bifurcate[blank_end] - to split
morphology - [blank_start]shape[blank_end]- Aanterior
- Bback
- Cinferior
- Dabove/higher
- Eproximal
- Ffarthest
- Gbifurcate
- Hshape
25anterior - [blank_start]front[blank_end]
[blank_start]posterior[blank_end] - back
inferior - [blank_start]lower/below[blank_end]
[blank_start]superior[blank_end] - above/higher
proximal - [blank_start]closest[blank_end] to the point of attachment
[blank_start]distal[blank_end] - farthest from the point of attachment
[blank_start]bifurcate[blank_end] - to split
morphology - [blank_start]shape[blank_end]- Afront
- Bposterior
- Clower/below
- Dsuperior
- Eclosest
- Fdistal
- Gbifurcate
- Hshape
26Features:
[blank_start]small[blank_end], [blank_start]thin[blank_end]-walled
Functions:
- the [blank_start]atria[blank_end] are the two (2) [blank_start]receiving[blank_end] [blank_start]chambers[blank_end] for blood [blank_start]returning[blank_end] to the heart from the [blank_start]circulatory[blank_end] system
- slowly pushes blood into the [blank_start]ventricles[blank_end] to build pressure
- heart [blank_start]fills[blank_end] and [blank_start]empties[blank_end] continuously
- Asmall
- Bthin
- Catria
- Dreceiving
- Echambers
- Freturning
- Gcirculatory
- Hventricles
- Ifills
- Jempties
27Features:
[blank_start]larger[blank_end], [blank_start]thicker[blank_end], [blank_start]muscular[blank_end] chambers
Functions:
- the [blank_start]ventricles[blank_end] are the [blank_start]discharging[blank_end] chambers of the heart
- the [blank_start]right[blank_end] ventricle propels blood through the pulmonary trunk to the [blank_start]lungs[blank_end], where blood is infused with [blank_start]oxygen[blank_end]
- the [blank_start]left[blank_end] ventricle pumps [blank_start]oxygen[blank_end]-rich blood through the [blank_start]aorta[blank_end] and to the [blank_start]whole[blank_end] body
- Alarger
- Bthicker
- Cmuscular
- Dventricles
- Edischarging
- Fright
- Glungs
- Hoxygen
- Ileft
- Joxygen
- Kaorta
- Lwhole
28The heart has a total of [blank_start]four[blank_end] chambers.
- Afour
29Q: What's the electrical conduction system of the heart?
A: It is essentially the [blank_start]wiring[blank_end] of the heart. These are cells that carry [blank_start]electricity[blank_end] through the heart and cause the heart to [blank_start]contract[blank_end] and [blank_start]relax[blank_end].
Cardiac Cells:
[blank_start]Pacemaker[blank_end] cells - primary function is to [blank_start]generate[blank_end] and conduct [blank_start]electrical[blank_end] [blank_start]impulse[blank_end] throughout the heart muscle
[blank_start]Myocardial[blank_end] cells - primary function is muscle [blank_start]contraction[blank_end] and [blank_start]relaxation[blank_end]- Awiring
- Belectricity
- Ccontract
- Drelax
- EPacemaker
- Fgenerate
- Gelectrical
- Himpulse
- IMyocardial
- Jcontraction
- Krelaxation
30[blank_start]Automaticity[blank_end] is the ability of a cell to "spontaneously" generate an electrical impulse.
- AAutomaticity
31[blank_start]Depolarization[blank_end] - an electrical event expected to result in contraction
- ADepolarization
32The SA node:
- is located in the [blank_start]upper[blank_end] [blank_start]right[blank_end]-hand corner of the right [blank_start]atrium[blank_end]
- is known as the "[blank_start]normal[blank_end] [blank_start]pacemaker[blank_end]" of the heart; [blank_start]first[blank_end] [blank_start]intrinsic[blank_end] pacemaker
- initiates [blank_start]atrial[blank_end] depolarization --> produces the [blank_start]P[blank_end]-wave of an ECG
- normally possesses the [blank_start]highest[blank_end] level of automaticity; [blank_start]fastest[blank_end] intrinsic rate
- normally, cardiac electrical impulses begin in the [blank_start]SA[blank_end] [blank_start]node[blank_end]
- as the electrical impulse leaves the SA node, it's conducted through the [blank_start]atrium[blank_end], causing [blank_start]depolarization[blank_end], and contraction of the atrium
- impulse spreads across atria via [blank_start]intranodal[blank_end] and [blank_start]intra[blank_end]-[blank_start]atrial[blank_end] pathways
- Aupper
- Bright
- Catrium
- Dnormal
- Epacemaker
- Ffirst
- Gintrinsic
- Hatrial
- IP
- Jhighest
- Kfastest
- LSA
- Mnode
- Natrium
- Odepolarization
- Pintranodal
- Qintra
- Ratrial
33The AV node:
- located in the [blank_start]lower[blank_end] [blank_start]left[blank_end]-hand corner of the right [blank_start]atrium[blank_end]
- primary function is to [blank_start]delay[blank_end] the conduction of the electrical impulse from the [blank_start]SA[blank_end] node as it travels to the [blank_start]bundle[blank_end] of [blank_start]His[blank_end] and [blank_start]bundle[blank_end] branches
- allows time for the [blank_start]atrium[blank_end] to fully [blank_start]contract[blank_end] and [blank_start]empty[blank_end] the blood into the ventricles
- creates the [blank_start]PR[blank_end]-[blank_start]Interval[blank_end] on the ECG
- can be the [blank_start]back[blank_end] [blank_start]up[blank_end] pacemaker if SA node fails; [blank_start]second[blank_end] intrinsic pacemaker
- Alower
- Bleft
- Catrium
- Ddelay
- ESA
- Fbundle
- GHis
- Hbundle
- Iatrium
- Jcontract
- Kempty
- LPR
- MInterval
- Nback
- Oup
- Psecond
34Bundle of His:
- receives the impulse from the [blank_start]AV[blank_end] node and relays it to two important conduction pathways called the right and left [blank_start]bundle[blank_end] [blank_start]branches[blank_end]
- [blank_start]third[blank_end] and [blank_start]last[blank_end] intrinsic pacemaker of the heart
- AAV
- Bbundle
- Cbranches
- Dthird
- Elast
35Bundle Branches:
- the right and left bundle branches carry the electrical impulse throughout the right and left [blank_start]ventricle[blank_end]
- relays the electrical impulse to the [blank_start]Purkinje[blank_end] [blank_start]fibers[blank_end]
- produces the [blank_start]QRS[blank_end] [blank_start]complex[blank_end] of an ECG
- Aventricle
- BPurkinje
- Cfibers
- DQRS
- Ecomplex
36Purkinje Fibers
- a web of fibers that are spread throughout the [blank_start]ventricles[blank_end] that conduct the [blank_start]electrical[blank_end] [blank_start]impulse[blank_end] to the cells of the ventricles causing the ventricles to depolarize and contract.
- [blank_start]rapid[blank_end] conduction throughout the remainder of the ventricular muscle
- coordinates the [blank_start]contraction[blank_end] of the ventricle
- Aventricles
- Belectrical
- Cimpulse
- Drapid
- Econtraction
37The Recovery of the Ventricles
- [blank_start]Repolarization[blank_end] is known as the [blank_start]resting[blank_end] phase of the heart; electrical recovery of the ventricles
- the heart is resting and getting ready for conduction to repeat itself again
- represented by the [blank_start]T[blank_end]-wave on an ECG
- ARepolarization
- Bresting
- CT
38PQRST is [blank_start]one[blank_end] complete cardiac cycle.
- Aone
39The P-wave:
- represents [blank_start]atrial[blank_end] [blank_start]depolarization[blank_end] ([blank_start]contraction[blank_end])
- if a normal impulse is generated, it will be in [blank_start]front[blank_end] of the QRS complex
- usually [blank_start]upright[blank_end] and [blank_start]rounded[blank_end]
The PR-Interval
- represents the [blank_start]delay[blank_end] to the [blank_start]AV[blank_end] node
- usually measures [blank_start]0.12[blank_end] - [blank_start]0.20[blank_end] sec
- allows for [blank_start]complete[blank_end] [blank_start]ventricular[blank_end] [blank_start]filling[blank_end] prior to ventricular [blank_start]contraction[blank_end]
- Aatrial
- Bdepolarization
- Ccontraction
- Dfront
- Eupright
- Frounded
- Gdelay
- HAV
- I0.12
- J0.20
- Kcomplete
- Lventricular
- Mfilling
- Ncontraction
40The QRS Complex
- represents the [blank_start]PR[blank_end]-[blank_start]Interval[blank_end]; begins with the [blank_start]Q[blank_end]-wave
- made of three configurations:
The Q-wave is first [blank_start]downward[blank_end] deflection
The R-wave is first [blank_start]upward[blank_end] deflection
The S-wave is first [blank_start]downward[blank_end] deflection following the [blank_start]R[blank_end]-wave
- QRS may [blank_start]not[blank_end] always have all three configurations
- The QRS complex ends at the beginning of the [blank_start]ST[blank_end]-segment; identified as the [blank_start]J[blank_end]-[blank_start]point[blank_end]
- APR
- BInterval
- CQ
- Ddownward
- Eupward
- Fdownward
- GR
- Hnot
- IST
- JJ
- Kpoint
41QRS Morphology
The QRS complex can have different [blank_start]shapes[blank_end] which depend on how the electrical impulse is conducted through the [blank_start]bundle[blank_end] [blank_start]branches[blank_end].
Sometimes if an [blank_start]artery[blank_end] is blocked off due to heart disease, heart attack, or other factors, the electrical impulse cannot be conducted via its normal route so it has to take a detour in order to [blank_start]depolarize[blank_end] the ventricle.
In some cases, the electrical impulse could take [blank_start]longer[blank_end] to travel through the ventricle causing the [blank_start]QRS[blank_end] to appear wider than [blank_start]normal[blank_end].
- Ashapes
- Bbundle
- Cbranches
- Dartery
- Edepolarize
- Flonger
- GQRS
- Hnormal
42The T-wave:
- represents [blank_start]ventricular[blank_end] [blank_start]repolarization[blank_end]; relaxation
- follows [blank_start]QRS[blank_end] [blank_start]complex[blank_end]
- usually [blank_start]taller[blank_end] and [blank_start]wider[blank_end] in comparison to the [blank_start]P[blank_end]-wave
- can be different [blank_start]shapes[blank_end] and [blank_start]inverted[blank_end]
- Aventricular
- Brepolarization
- CQRS
- Dcomplex
- Etaller
- Fwider
- GP
- Hshapes
- Iinverted
43The U-wave
- a small wave that can sometimes be seen following the [blank_start]T[blank_end]-wave
- it represents further [blank_start]repolarization[blank_end] of the ventricles
- AT
- Brepolarization
44ECG Intervals and Segments
[blank_start]Segment[blank_end] is a flat line along the [blank_start]isoelectric[blank_end] line between [blank_start]two[blank_end] [blank_start]specific[blank_end] [blank_start]waves[blank_end]
- [blank_start]PR[blank_end]-segment: the flat line between the P-wave and Q-wave
- [blank_start]ST[blank_end]-segment: the flat line between the [blank_start]J[blank_end]-[blank_start]point[blank_end] and the beginning of the T-wave
[blank_start]Interval[blank_end] is the area between [blank_start]two[blank_end] [blank_start]specific[blank_end] [blank_start]points[blank_end] on an ECG
- [blank_start]PR[blank_end]-Interval: the area from the [blank_start]beginning[blank_end] of the P-wave to the [blank_start]beginning[blank_end] of the Q-wave
- [blank_start]QRS[blank_end] [blank_start]Complex[blank_end]: the interval that measures from the [blank_start]end[blank_end] of the PR-Interval (Q-wave) to the [blank_start]beg[blank_end] of the ST-segment (J-point)
-[blank_start]QT[blank_end]-[blank_start]Interval[blank_end]: the interval that measures from the [blank_start]beginning[blank_end] of the Q-wave to the [blank_start]end[blank_end] of the T-wave
- ASegment
- Btwo
- Cspecific
- Disoelectric
- Ewaves
- FPR
- GST
- HJ
- Ipoint
- JInterval
- Ktwo
- Lspecific
- Mpoints
- NPR
- Obeginning
- Pbeginning
- QQRS
- RComplex
- SQT
- TInterval
- Ubeginning
- Vend
- Wend
- Xbeginning
45If a u-wave shows, it will show all throughout the strip.
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
461 cardiac cycle is 1 complete heartbeat.
- ARichtig
- BFalsch
47The P-wave
- represents [blank_start]atrial[blank_end] [blank_start]depolarization[blank_end] (contraction).
- If a normal impulse is generated, it will be in [blank_start]front[blank_end] of the QRS complex.
- Its shape is usually [blank_start]upright[blank_end] and [blank_start]rounded[blank_end].
The PRI
- allows for complete [blank_start]ventricular[blank_end] filling prior to ventricular contraction
- represents the [blank_start]delay[blank_end] to the AV node
- measures [blank_start]0.12[blank_end] - [blank_start]0.20[blank_end] second
- Aatrial
- Bdepolarization
- Cfront
- Dupright
- Erounded
- Fventricular
- Gdelay
- H0.12
- I0.20
48The QRS Complex
- represents [blank_start]ventricular[blank_end] [blank_start]depolarization[blank_end] (contraction)
- may not always have all 3 configurations
- it ends at the [blank_start]beginning[blank_end] of the ST-segment called the [blank_start]J-point[blank_end]
made of 3 configurations:
The [blank_start]Q-wave[blank_end] is first downward or [blank_start]negative[blank_end] deflection.
The [blank_start]R-wave[blank_end] is the first upward or [blank_start]positive[blank_end] deflection.
The [blank_start]S-wave[blank_end] is the downward deflection following the R-wave.
- Aventricular
- Bdepolarization
- Cbeginning
- DJ-point
- EQ-wave
- FR-wave
- GS-wave
- Hnegative
- Ipositive
49The T-wave
- represents [blank_start]ventricular[blank_end] [blank_start]repolarization[blank_end]; relaxation
- follows [blank_start]QRS[blank_end] complex
- usually taller and wider in comparison to the p-wave
- can be different [blank_start]shapes[blank_end] and [blank_start]inverted[blank_end]
- Aventricular
- Brepolarization
- CQRS
- Dshapes
- Einverted
50The U-wave
- a small wave that can sometimes be seen following the [blank_start]T-wave[blank_end]
- it represents further [blank_start]repolarization[blank_end] of the [blank_start]ventricles[blank_end].
- AT-wave
- Brepolarization
- Cventricles
51[blank_start]Segment[blank_end] - a flat line along the i[blank_start]soelectric[blank_end] line between [blank_start]2[blank_end] [blank_start]specific[blank_end] [blank_start]waves[blank_end].
- ASegment
- B2
- Cspecific
- Dwaves
- Esoelectric
52[blank_start]PR[blank_end]-[blank_start]segment[blank_end]: the flat line between the p-wave and q-wave.
[blank_start]ST[blank_end]-[blank_start]segment[blank_end]: the flat line between the j-point and the beginning of the T-wave
[blank_start]Interval[blank_end]: area between 2 specific points on an ECG
[blank_start]PR-Interva[blank_end]l: this interval is the area from the beginning of the p-wave to the beginning of the q-wave.
[blank_start]QRS-complex[blank_end]: this is the interval that measures from the end of the PRI (q-wave), to the beginning of the ST-segment (j-point)
[blank_start]Qt-Interval[blank_end]: this is the interval that measures from the beginning of the q-wave to the end of the T-wave
- APR
- Bsegment
- CST
- Dsegment
- EInterval
- FPR-Interva
- GQRS-complex
- HQT-Interval
53How many second per 1 small box and per 1 big box?
- A.20 second
- B.04 second
54A normal PRI is [blank_start]0.20[blank_end] seconds or less.
A narrow or normal QRS complex is [blank_start]0.11[blank_end] seconds or less
A wide QRS complex is [blank_start]0.12[blank_end] seconds or greater- A0.20
- B0.11
- C0.12
55Calculation:
Regular:
1500 method: 1500/#[blank_start]small[blank_end] boxes = ____ bpm
Irregular:
6 second method: #[blank_start]beats[blank_end] x 10 = ____ bpm
Pause:
#small boxes x [blank_start].04[blank_end] = ___ sec- Asmall
- Bbeats
- C.04
56Rhythms Originating From the SA Node:
Sinus Rhythm:
Rate: [blank_start]60[blank_end]-[blank_start]100[blank_end] bpm
Regularity: [blank_start]Regular[blank_end]
P-waves: [blank_start]normal[blank_end], [blank_start]upright[blank_end], and [blank_start]consistent[blank_end]
QRS-complex: normally [blank_start]narrow[blank_end] and [blank_start]upright[blank_end] ≤ [blank_start]0.11[blank_end] seconds/ can also be [blank_start]wide[blank_end]
P-QRS Ratio: 1:1
PRI: Normal ≤ [blank_start]0.20[blank_end] seconds
T-wave: can be upright or inverted
If there are no [blank_start]2[blank_end] normal beats in a row, you default to sinus rhythm.- A60
- B100
- CRegular
- Dnormal
- Eupright
- Fconsistent
- Gnarrow
- Hupright
- I0.11
- Jwide
- K0.20
- L2
57Rhythms Originating from the SA Node:
Sinus Arrhythmia:
Rate: [blank_start]varies[blank_end]
Regularity: [blank_start]Irregular[blank_end]
P-waves: [blank_start]normal[blank_end], [blank_start]upright[blank_end], and [blank_start]consistent[blank_end]
QRS-complex: normally narrow and upright ≤ [blank_start]0.11[blank_end] seconds
P-QRS Ratio: [blank_start]1:1[blank_end]
PRI: Normal ≤ [blank_start]0.20[blank_end] seconds
If the underlying rhythm is a [blank_start]mix[blank_end] of different rhythms, then that's SA- Avaries
- BIrregular
- Cnormal
- Dupright
- Econsistent
- F0.11
- G1:1
- H0.20
- Imix
58Rhythms Originating from the SA Node:
Sinus Tachycardia:
Rate: greater than [blank_start]100[blank_end] bpm
Regularity: [blank_start]Regular[blank_end]
P-waves: [blank_start]normal[blank_end], [blank_start]upright[blank_end], and [blank_start]consistent[blank_end]
QRS-complex: normally narrow and upright ≤ [blank_start]0.11[blank_end] seconds
P-QRS Ratio: [blank_start]1:1[blank_end]
PRI: Normal ≤ [blank_start]0.20[blank_end] seconds
This rhythm occurs as a parasympathetic response to the body's demand for an increase in oxygen due to exercise, anxiety, etc. A rapid heart rate increase the workload of the heart and oxygen requirements. Persistent tachycardia can cause decrease cardiac output.- A100
- BRegular
- Cnormal
- Dupright
- Econsistent
- F0.11
- G1:1
- H0.20
59Rhythms Originating from the SA Node:
Sinus Bradycardia:
Rate: less than [blank_start]60[blank_end] bpm
Regularity: [blank_start]Regular[blank_end]
P-waves: [blank_start]normal[blank_end], [blank_start]upright[blank_end], and [blank_start]consistent[blank_end]
QRS-complex: normally narrow and upright ≤ [blank_start]0.11[blank_end] seconds
P-QRS Ratio: [blank_start]1:1[blank_end]
PRI: Normal ≤ [blank_start]0.20[blank_end] seconds- A60
- BRegular
- Cnormal
- Dupright
- Econsistent
- F0.11
- G1:1
- H0.20
60[blank_start]Premature[blank_end] - a beat that occurs earlier than expected in the cardiac cycle. It's an early beat.
[blank_start]Ectopy[blank_end] - a beat that originates some place other than the SA node. AN abnormal heartbeat.
[blank_start]Paroxysmal[blank_end] - sudden, witnessed onset/offset of arrhythmia
[blank_start]Aberrant[blank_end] - abnormal conduction- APremature
- BEctopy
- CParoxysmal
- DAberrant
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- Quiz am BT REVIEW, erstellt von P R am 23/09/2016.
- Autor
- P R
- Sprache
- English
- Aufrufe
- 2
- Verlauf
- Erstellt am 23 Sep 2016 · aktualisiert am 12 Okt 2016
- Schlagwörter
- Bewertung
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