PHSI3011 12-2 Comparative Physiology and Thermal #2

What is Tb? (just imagine the "b" is subscript) [blank_start]__________[blank_end]

What is Ta? (just imagine the "a" is subscript) [blank_start]__________[blank_end]

"Homeotherm" means:

Tb varies with circadian rhythm by up to 1 degree. When is it lowest and highest? (again, imagine the "b" is subscript)

Tb varies with the menstrual cycle, usually increasing ~0.5-1°C during the: (again, imagine the "b" is subscript)

Babies are less able to maintain Tb. Why? (just imagine the "b" is subscript) (select all that apply)

During a fever (or exercise), the normal Tb is: (just imagine the "b" is subscript)

True or false: Old people also have less effective regulation, due in part to their reduced ability to dissipate heat. One reason for this is sweat gland atrophy.

True or false: Old people also have less effective regulation, due in part to their reduced ability to generate heat. One reason for this is sweat gland atrophy.

E = G + T*S E = [blank_start]___[blank_end] G = [blank_start]___[blank_end] T = [blank_start]___[blank_end] S = [blank_start]___[blank_end]

True or false: an Endotherm is an organism that can generate its own heat.

True or false: Metabolism is defined as all the chemical processes involved in energy production, energy release, and growth.

Anabolic vs Catabolic:

Metabolic Rate (MR) = the rate at which energy is consumed during: (select all that apply)

BMR vs RMR The difference between BASAL metabolic rate and RESTING metabolic rate is:

Metabolic Rate (MR) depends on: (select all that apply)

Hormones that can influence Metabolic Rate (MR) include Thyroxine and Adrenaline. What effect can they have?

Under resting conditions, the rate of heat production is:

During a fast walk or jog, Metabolic Rate (MR) is increased to 400-600 kcal/h. In the absence of compensatory heat loss (sweating etc), this extra thermal load would increase Body Temperature by how much?

The most common method to measure metabolic rate is:

Animals including the stripe-faced dunnart (Sminthopsis macroura) are heterothermic. Heterotherms are:

Torpor vs Hibernation. What's the difference?

Torpor and hibernation use are found in which groups: (select all that apply)

Are there Aussie birds which hibernate?

"Super-hibernator": This is fucking awesome - the arctic ground squirrel hibernates at body temperatures of ~0°C! around the lips is at (or slightly above) zero, while some other parts (including colon) get BELOW 0°C. Yeah, this is true. So cool, though (geddit?? ...sigh).

Current view of the efferent mechanisms of thermoregulation. Label the three appropriate areas.

True or false: Brown Fat / Brown Adipose Tissue (“BAT”) can induce non-shivering thermogenesis in the absence of muscle stimulus.

During cold exposure, [blank_start]__________[blank_end] [blank_start]__________[blank_end] release activates BAT by stimulation of lipolysis and “futile” UCP1-dependent mitochondrial respiration.

True or false: UCP1 is found in significant levels in the cortex of non-torpor mammals.

UCP1 is: [blank_start]_____[blank_end] [blank_start]_____[blank_end] [blank_start]_____[blank_end] 1

Which of the 4 ways of heat loss is the most physiologically significant (under normal conditions)?

Hot flushes usually last how long?

Hot flushes are believed to occur because of: