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PHSI3012 Midsem

Michael Jardine 15 Fragen Aktualisiert am 18 Nov 2017

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  1. 1Choose the most correct answer to complete this sentence.
    A carcinoma is ____________________
    1. AA tumour of circulating blood cells
    2. BA benign tumour of glandular origin
    3. CAn aggressive tumour of blood cell origin localised to the lymph nodes
    4. DA tumour of epithelial cell origin
  2. 2An activating mutation of H-Ras proto-oncogene leads to self-sufficiency in growth signal. Which of the following reasons best explains the mechanism?
    1. ACyclin D expression is decreased in the absence of mitogen
    2. BC-myc activity is increased in the absence of mitogen
    3. CA decrease in E2-F transcription factor activity is stimulated in the absence of a mitogen
    4. DAn increase in hypophosphorylated pRB is stimulated in the absence of a mitogen
  3. 3Why is p53 a critical tumour suppressor gene?
    1. AIt is an essential component of the apoptotic pathway
    2. BIt repairs DNA damage
    3. CIt has key roles in cell cycle progression, apoptosis and maintenance of genetic stability
    4. DIt is essential for normal development
  4. 4The progression of breast cancer from primary lesion to metastatic disease is a multifactorial process. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT:
    1. AA cancer cell escapes its local environment by initially invading the basement membrane
    2. BAn epithelial cell undergoes a process termed mesenchyme-to-epithelial transition during initial vessel invasion
    3. CInvasion of the lymph and blood vessels is an early step in tumour cell dissemination
    4. DDisseminated tumour cells can lie dormant for years before reinitiating a program of cell growth to colonise a distal site
  5. 5Below is a population doubling vs time graph (time on the X axis and population doublings on the Y axis). If a cell culture is proliferating at point X, what would need to happen to the culture in order to continue proliferating to point Y?Bild zu Frage 5
    1. AThe cell culture would continue to grow to point Y if a tumour suppressor mechanism was activated.
    2. BThe cell population is immortal, so the cells will continue to grow past point Y indefinitely.
    3. CCells would continue to proliferate to point Y if a tumour suppressor gene was inactivated.
    4. DThe cells will enter crisis, a rare cell will escape crisis by activation of a telomere maintenance mechanism, and the culture will be immortal.
  6. 6Our lab obtained an immortal cell line from a collaborator, and we don’t know whether the telomeres are being maintained by telomerase or the Alternative Lengthening of Telomeres (ALT) mechanism. We performed assays to determine the telomere maintenance mechanism and the results are listed below. Can we determine which method of telomere maintenance has been activated?Bild zu Frage 6
    1. AUnable to determine which TMM has been activated
    2. BTelomerase
    3. CNeither telomerase nor ALT have been activated
    4. DALT
  7. 7Xenografts can be injected into a number of different locations depending on what aspect of metastasis is to be examined. Which of the following injections sites best assess intravasation:
    1. ASubcutaneous
    2. BIntraductal
    3. CTail vein
    4. DTibia
  8. 8Breast cancer preferentially undergoes bone metastasis. During this process RANKL.
    1. AIs expressed by cancer cells enabling osteoblast differentiation
    2. BIs secreted by cancer cells acting directly on osteoclasts to induce osteolysis
    3. CIs secreted from bone matrix following osteolysis and along with other growth factors promotes further cancer cell growth
    4. DIs secreted by osteoblasts and induces osteoclast differentiation
  9. 9Which of the following pairs are CORRECT?
    1. AMelanocytes – pigment
    2. BLangerhans cells – cornified layer
    3. CKeratinocytes – immune response
    4. DFibroblasts – UV protection
  10. 10Complete the following sentence. In sunlight reaching the earth’s surface ____________________.
    1. AVery low wavelengths, below 290nm, are absorbed by wet surfaces
    2. BLonger wavelengths like UVA penetrate less far into the skin than UVB
    3. CVitamin D is produced by wavelengths in the UVB spectrum
    4. DUVB is mostly responsible for the warmth of the sun

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Beschreibung
PHSI3012 Midsem
Sprache
English
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125
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Erstellt am 14 Nov 2017 · aktualisiert am 18 Nov 2017
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