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Quiz von cheetahgoddess, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Frage 1
Frage
Evidence with individual characteristics can lead to a determination of common origin (single source). Which type of evidence CANNOT yield such results?
Antworten
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Random striations on tools
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Fingerprints
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Wear patterns on tires
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Single-layer paints
Frage 2
Frage
The likelihood of finding class physical evidence is ____________ the likelihood of finding physical evidence with individual characteristics.
Antworten
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The same as
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Less than
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Greater than
Frage 3
Frage
Physical evidence is considered to have _______ as that of eyewitness (testimonial) evidence.
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The same value
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Greater value
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Less value
Frage 4
Frage
The corroborative use of physical evidence means that it can be used to:
Antworten
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Provide a lead to give the investigation direction
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Establish a definitive identity
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Support other investigative findings
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Rule out a particular suspect
Frage 5
Frage
Physical evidence can be used to exonerate or exclude a person from suspicion if:
Antworten
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It is collected in accordance with the Fourth Amendment
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The standard reference sample (control) from the person does not share characteristics with evidence at the crime scene
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It does not have a well-documented chain of custody
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Evidence taken from suspect is obtained voluntarily
Frage 6
Frage
Forensic databases are maintained for all of the following EXCEPT
Antworten
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Fingerprints
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Dental impressions
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DNA
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Automotive paint
Frage 7
Frage
The Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) became fully operational in what year?
Antworten
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1998
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1991
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1978
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1999
Frage 8
Frage
A component of the National Integrated Ballistics Information Network is called:
Antworten
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PDQ
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CODIS
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IBIS
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a and b
Frage 9
Frage
When a forensic analyst determines the chemical composition of preparations that may contain illicit drugs such as heroin, cocaine, or barbiturates, this is an example of:
Antworten
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Individualization
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Identification
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Classification
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Comparison
Frage 10
Frage
The examination of a paint chip found on a hit-and-run victim’s garment side-by-side with paint removed from a vehicle suspected of being involved in the incident is an example of:
Antworten
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Comparison
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Identification
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Classification
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Individualization
Frage 11
Frage
Evidence having class characteristics can:
Antworten
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Exonerate an innocent suspect
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Link a person to a crime with a high degree of certainty
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Always be fitted together in a the manner of a jigsaw puzzle
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Have no evidential value
Frage 12
Frage
If the laboratory can piece broken glass from a window or headlight together, then the evidence has _______ characteristics.
Antworten
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Identification
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Comparative
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Individual
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Class
Frage 13
Frage
A comparison analysis subjects a suspect specimen and a control specimen to the same tests and examinations for the ultimate purpose of determining
Antworten
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Whether or not they have a common origin
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If they are identical in chemical composition
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If the same person handled them
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If they are alike in molecular structure
Frage 14
Frage
Determining that an explosive mixture contains dynamite is an example of the process of:
Antworten
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Identification
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Comparison
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Class characterizations
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Individualization
Frage 15
Frage
The computerized database used to store DNA information is:
Antworten
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AFIS
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CODIS
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NIBIN
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Drugfire
Frage 16
Frage
To calculate the overall frequency of occurrence of a blood type in a population, the _____ can be applied by using a series of blood factors that occur independently of each other.
Antworten
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Locard's exchange principle
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Multiplication table
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Tangent method
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Product rule
Frage 17
Frage
The value of class physical evidence lies in its ability to:
Antworten
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State with certainty the identify of the perpetrator
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Corroborate events with data in a manner nearly without bias
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Determine the probability of the occurrence of an event
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Determine the quality of forensic analyses carried out on the evidence
Frage 18
Frage
Which of the following is a national fingerprint and criminal history system maintained by the FBI and launched in 1999?
Antworten
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NIBIN
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PDQ
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IAFIS
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SICAR
Frage 19
Frage
Paint chips, random glass fragments, and synthetic fibers all exhibit:
Antworten
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Individual characteristics
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Class characteristics
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Identification characteristics
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Comparison characteristics
Frage 20
Frage
The database that contains chemical and color information pertaining to original automotive paints is the:
Antworten
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PDQ
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NIBIN
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SICAR
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IAFIS
Frage 21
Frage
The database that includes more than 300 manufacturers of shoes with more than 8,000 different sole patterns is the:
Antworten
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PDQ
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SICAR
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IAFIS
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CODIS
Frage 22
Frage
Which source of CODIS contains DNA profiles from unsolved crime scene evidence?
Antworten
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Offender index
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National index
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Forensic index
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DNA index
Frage 23
Frage
The PDQ is maintained by the:
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FBI
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RCMP
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ATF
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National DNA Database
Frage 24
Frage
The "jigsaw fit" of known and questioned fragments is important for court presentation primarily because:
Antworten
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It is quick way of demonstrating how the object broke
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Courts and juries are too nonscientific to understand it any other way
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Instrumental analysis is too complicated to explain to nontechnical juries
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This method will definitely demonstrate common origin when a match is made
Frage 25
Frage
Who ultimately determines the significance of physical evidence in a trial?
Antworten
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The judge
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Expert witness
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The Supreme Court
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The jury
Frage 26
Frage
Multiplying together the frequencies of independently occurring factors is called the:
Antworten
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Multiplication rule
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Frequency rule
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Product rule
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Factor rule
Frage 27
Frage
A computerized archive of information relating to a specific type of physical evidence is a(n):
Antworten
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Evidence database
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Information database
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Comparison database
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Forensic database
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