1643512
Beschreibung
Quiz von Amanda Valentine, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Amanda Valentine
vor mehr als 9 Jahre
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Frage 1
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Pieces of solid material that have been deposited on Earth's surface by wind, water, ice, gravity, or chemical precipitation.
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Minerals
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Elements
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Sediments
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Sand
Frage 2
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What is weathering?
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Physical and chemical processes that break up rock.
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When sediments are laid down on the ground after movement.
Frage 3
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What is deposition?
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When sediments are laid down on the ground after movement.
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Physical and chemical processes that break up rock.
Frage 4
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The process of weathering that causes weak minerals to break down and the strong minerals to separate from the weak.
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Chemical weathering.
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Physical weathering.
Frage 5
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The weathering process that causes rocks to break along fractures or boundaries.
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Physical weathering.
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Chemical weathering.
Frage 6
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A sedimentary rock and mineral fragment produced by weathering.
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Erosion
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Organic
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Clastic
Frage 7
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Erosion is the removal and movement of surface materials from place to place.
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- True
- False
Frage 8
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The main forms of erosion are:
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Wind
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Water
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Gravity
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Season change
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Heat from the sun
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Glaciers
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Plants
Frage 9
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Faster moving water affects deposition in what way?
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The water can transport larger particles and cause layers.
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The speed of the water causes the carried minerals to be pushed to the banks.
Frage 10
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Areas on the Earth where most sediments are deposited.
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Valleys
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Rivers
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Sedimentary basins
Frage 11
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Lithification is the process when pressure and temperature from the bottom of a sedimentary basin began to compact sediments into sedimentary rock.
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- True
- False
Frage 12
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What substance maintains open spaces during lithification?
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Sand
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All types of gems
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Olivine
Frage 13
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In Question 12, you were asked what mineral maintains open spaces during lithification. What can be found in these spaces?
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Ground water
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Oil
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Natural Gases
Frage 14
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Earth's crust's temperatures increase at about 30*C per kilometer.
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- True
- False
Frage 15
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What process forms sedimentary rock when mineral grains are stuck together into the rock?
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Liquifaction
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Bedding
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Cementation
Frage 16
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What is type one cementation?
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A new mineral grows between grains as dissolved mineral precipitate out of groundwater.
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Grains grow in size because the same minerals precipitate from groundwater and crystallize around them.
Frage 17
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What is type 2 cementation?
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Grains grow in size because the same minerals precipitate from groundwater and crystallize around them.
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A new mineral grows between grains as dissolved mineral precipitate out of groundwater.
Frage 18
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The primary feature of sedimentary rocks.
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Lithification
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Bedding
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Parallel crystals
Frage 19
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Graded bedding is when inclined layers of sediment move forward across a horizontal.
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- True
- False
Frage 20
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Graded bedding is when the particles are gradually heavier and coarser towards the bottom.
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- True
- False
Frage 21
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The most well-known feature of sedimentary rock.
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Fossils
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Bedding
Frage 22
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Parts of organisms cannot be replaced by minerals during lithification.
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- True
- False
Frage 23
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How are clastic sedimentary rocks formed?
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The deposits of loose sediments
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The remains of dead organisms
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Minerals remains from magma
Frage 24
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What is porosity?
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The holes on a rock once it is formed
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The percentage of open spaces between grains
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How easily a rock can break apart
Frage 25
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What rocks form from the minerals left behind after evaporation?
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Chemical Sedimentary
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Evaporites
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Clastic Sedimentary
Frage 26
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Evaporites are the layers of chemical sedimentary rocks that form as a result of precipitation from a supersaturated solution.
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- True
- False
Frage 27
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What are the 3 most common evaporites?
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Coal
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Calcite
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Halite
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Amethyst
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Gypsum
Frage 28
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What rock is formed from the remains of dead organisms?
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Organic Sedimentary
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Fossils
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Porphyroblasts
Frage 29
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What are some primary uses of sedimentary rocks?
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Fossil finding
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Determining past geography
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Construction because of their sturdiness
Frage 30
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What changes occur when a rock becomes a metamorphic rock?
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Texture change
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Mineralogy change
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Deposition
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Cementation
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Chemical composition change
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Does not melt during change
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Does melt during change
Frage 31
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Where is the pressure for metamorphism found?
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Radioactivity from the core
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Weight of overlying rock
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Compressive forces from deforming rock
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Special, human designed machines
Frage 32
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Temperature for metamorphism is derived from the sun
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- True
- False
Frage 33
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Grade is dependent on pressure, temperature, and depth.
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- True
- False
Frage 34
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Regional Metamorphism occurs when high temperature and pressure affect large regions of Earth's crust. What level grades can this include?
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High
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Intermediate
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Low
Frage 35
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How are regional belts divided/classified?
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By location
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By distance from the equator
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By mineral groups found in the rocks
Frage 36
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Contact metamorphism is when molten rocks collide with a larger mass of molten rocks and come together.
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- True
- False
Frage 37
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Where are minerals that crystallize at high temperatures found [in relation to an intrusion]?
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Close to the intrusion
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Far from the intrusion
Frage 38
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What metamorphism is the result of very hot water reacting with rock and altering its chemistry and mineralogy?
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Hydrothermal
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Clastic
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Pressure
Frage 39
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Minerals in wavy layers and bands that line up due to pressure are...
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Foliated
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Nonfoliated
Frage 40
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Minerals that form blocky crystal shapes are...
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Foliated
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Nonfoliated
Frage 41
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Porphyroblasts are
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Minerals that grow large while the surrounding minerals remain small
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Minerals that remain small while the surrounding minerals grow large
Frage 42
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What might change a rock compositionally?
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Weather
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Breaking up
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Hot fluids
Frage 43
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When water freezes in an open space in a rock and breaks it, what is the phenomenon called?
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Frost wedging
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Cold breakage
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Cracking
Frage 44
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The biggest cause of erosion are glaciers.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 45
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How does lithification begin?
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Compaction
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Deposition
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Cementation
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Water pressure
Frage 46
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How can sedimentary rocks be energy sources?
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Coal
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Oil
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Gas
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Uranium
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Construction
Frage 47
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Hydrothermal Metamorphism can form
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Gold
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Copper
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Amethyst
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Silver
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Tungsten
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Cement
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Lead
Frage 48
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The three types of metamorphism are regional, contact, and dynamic.
Antworten
- True
- False
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