Consumer Behaviour Exam 3

1. 1A customer buying an unfamiliar product which carried a fair degree of risk would most likely engage in what type of problem solving?

   1. AA) Extended problem solving
   2. BB) Limited problem solving
   3. CC) Habitual problem solving
   4. DD) Recognition problem solving
2. 22) Decisions driven by our emotional responses to a product are called ________.

   1. AA) affective
   2. BB) habitual
   3. CC) cognitive
   4. DD) compensatory
3. 33) ________ occurs whenever the consumer sees a significant difference between his or her current state of affairs and some desired state.

   1. AA) Information search
   2. BB) Evaluating alternatives
   3. CC) Evaluating of evoked set
   4. DD) Problem recognition
4. 44) Dimensions we use to judge the merits of competing options are called ________.

   1. AA) rational factors
   2. BB) attributes
   3. CC) evaluative criteria
   4. DD) emotional factors
5. 55) Latrell finds that every time he goes to select athletic shoes he always buys the same brand. In fact, he doesn't even remember trying on any of the other competitive brands even though some of these brands have attractive styles and prices. Latrell's purchase decision process has become one of less and less effort. Latrell's decision process in an example of ________.

   1. AA) cognitive dissonance
   2. BB) brand loyalty
   3. CC) ineptness
   4. DD) inertia
6. 66) Chen Lo uses a decision rule that says "Only buy well-known brand names" when selecting a set of golf clubs. He does not look at price, the store, or even discounts when purchasing clubs. Chen Lo's purchasing pattern is an example of a consumer using a ________.

   1. AA) habit decision rule
   2. BB) compensatory rule
   3. CC) noncompensatory rule
   4. DD) conjunctive rule
7. 77) According to ________, utility is defined in terms of gains and losses.

   1. AA) prospect theory
   2. BB) heuristics
   3. CC) hyperopia
   4. DD) Zipf's law
8. 88) A mental or problem-solving shortcut to make a decision is called a(n) ________.

   1. AA) determinant
   2. BB) detail rule
   3. CC) heuristic
   4. DD) experience rule
9. 99) People often make decisions on the basis of a mental accounting. One facet of this accounting is making a decision based on the way a problem was posed. This is called ________.

   1. AA) framing
   2. BB) the sum-cost fallacy
   3. CC) loss aversion
   4. DD) positioning
10. 1010) According to the ________ rule, a product with a low standing on one attribute cannot make up for this position by being better on another attribute.

    1. AA) noncompensatory
    2. BB) lexicographic
    3. CC) elimination-by-aspects
    4. DD) conjunctive

11. 111) Others who are present in a consumer's physical and social environment when purchases are made are called ________.

    1. AA) co-consumers
    2. BB) by-standers
    3. CC) purchase competitors
    4. DD) challengers
12. 122) Allison Chewie felt she was always pressed for time; she was feeling ________.

    1. AA) time pressure
    2. BB) time poverty
    3. CC) psychological time
    4. DD) social time
13. 133) Wynona was impulsive. Her friends accused her of being calculating, but she thought of herself as simply an analytical thinker. She wanted what she wanted and tomorrow could take care of itself. Researchers would classify her as being a hedonic variety-seeker. Which of the following time metaphors would best capture Wynona's perspective of time?

    1. AA) Time is a pressure cooker.
    2. BB) Time is a map.
    3. CC) Time is a feast.
    4. DD) Time is a mirror.
14. 14A store environment that has been made to resemble a living room where customers can relax, hang out with friends, or even learn is referred to as a(n) ________.

    1. AA) marketscape
    2. BB) being space
    3. CC) mindscape
    4. DD) activity space
15. 155) ________ is the conscious designing of retail space and its various dimensions to evoke certain effects in buyers.

    1. AA) Pretailing
    2. BB) Atmospherics
    3. CC) Marketing-landscaping
    4. DD) Store image
16. 166) A coupon-dispensing machine in a grocery aisle and an employee handing out free samples of a new product are both examples of ________.

    1. AA) pretailing
    2. BB) retail theming
    3. CC) shopping orientations
    4. DD) POP stimuli
17. 177) Julie Morgan loves to go into Springer's Old Country Gifts. It always smells like a field of spring flowers. The lighting gives all the products a warm glow, and the mood music is just perfect for casual browsing. After her visit to the store, Julie is always in a better mood. Springer's Old Country Gifts has attracted Julie with its ________.

    1. AA) store position
    2. BB) atmospherics
    3. CC) subliminal clues
    4. DD) marketscape theme
18. 188) A(n) ________ is an actual or imaginary individual or group conceived of having significant relevance upon an individual's evaluations, aspirations, or behavior.

    1. AA) opinion group
    2. BB) demographic group
    3. CC) reference group
    4. DD) focus group
19. 199) A group composed of people that the consumer actually knows is called a(n) ________ reference group.

    1. AA) aspirational
    2. BB) tribal
    3. CC) membership
    4. DD) networked
20. 2010) The pressure to conform that escalates as more and more group members "cave in" is called the ________ effect.

    1. AA) polarization
    2. BB) bandwagon
    3. CC) loafing
    4. DD) homophily
21. 211) If a consumer admires the qualities of another person and copies his or her behaviors, the person that is copied has ________ power.

    1. AA) referent
    2. BB) informational
    3. CC) legitimate
    4. DD) coercive
22. 222) Which of the following is a new kind of avoidance group that has grown in popularity through the Web?

    1. AA) Virtual communities of consumption
    2. BB) Virtual worlds
    3. CC) Consumer tribes
    4. DD) Anti-brand communities
23. 233) Phillip admires the qualities of the Sigma Chis on his college campus. Since he has decided to try and pledge this group, he begins to imitate the qualities that he perceives the group has. What type of power does the fraternity seem to be displaying with respect to Phillip and his behavior?

    1. AA) Legitimate power
    2. BB) Referent power
    3. CC) Expert power
    4. DD) Reward power
24. 244) The plain and simple fact is that Ralph has body odor. Worse than that, Ralph does not seem to care. Ralph's clothes are in shambles, and his personal hygiene could certainly be improved. For most people, Ralph would be in which of the following groups?

    1. AA) Aspirational group
    2. BB) Cohesive group
    3. CC) Avoidance groups
    4. DD) Deindividualization groups
25. 255) If a fireman told you to leave your apartment, you would comply because the fireman has ________ power.

    1. AA) referent
    2. BB) legitimate
    3. CC) coercive
    4. DD) reward
26. 266) Margaret stayed on top of what was happening in the marketplace, but she was not necessarily the first to purchase items when they first came out. Margaret would be classified as a(n) ________.

    1. AA) opinion leader
    2. BB) innovator
    3. CC) market maven
    4. DD) market analyst
27. 277) Sophie tells Nick about a great new restaurant. Sophie is engaged in ________.

    1. AA) word-of-mouth communication
    2. BB) social advertising
    3. CC) group advertising
    4. DD) viral advertising
28. 288) Recent research on opinion leadership has called into question the traditional view that there are ________ opinion leaders, whose recommendations people see for all purchases.

    1. AA) heterophilous
    2. BB) generalized
    3. CC) polymorphic
    4. DD) monomorphic
29. 299) Meagan is planning her wedding and wants everything to be just right. Because she feels overwhelmed by all of the information to sort through and the choices to make, she hires a wedding planner to make many of the decisions and purchases for her. Meagan's wedding planner is best described as a(n) ________.

    1. AA) innovative communicator
    2. BB) surrogate consumer
    3. CC) opinion seeker
    4. DD) key informant
30. 3010) Amanda thought she had been cheated by a local car dealership. She was so upset that she created a Web site to share her story with the world. What is the most likely result of Amanda's action?

    1. AA) Most readers will think that Amanda is a little nutty and ignore her Web site.
    2. BB) Amanda's Web site will decrease the credibility of the dealership's ad and will influence potential buyers to stay away from the dealership.
    3. CC) Even if it is read extensively, Amanda's Web site will have little effect on how people see the dealership or Amanda.
    4. DD) The Web site will actually increase sales at the dealership by giving them free advertisements.
31. 311) A ________ is an economy that is driven by a fairly small group of rich people.

    1. AA) democracy
    2. BB) plutonomy
    3. CC) monarchy
    4. DD) homogany
32. 322) ________ refers to the passage of individuals from one social class to another.

    1. AA) Social class
    2. BB) Social affinity
    3. CC) Social mobility
    4. DD) Social prestige
33. 333) Jim is considered a part of the upper middle class, while Marcos is considered part of the lower upper class. Jim and Marcos have been identified in terms of ________.
    

    1. AA) cultural capital
    2. BB) occupational prestige
    3. CC) social rank
    4. DD) social class
34. 344) With respect to social organization, some barnyard animals exhibit signs of a dominance-submission hierarchy. Which of the following terms best illustrates such a hierarchy?

    1. AA) Dog-eat-dog
    2. BB) Pecking order
    3. CC) Social class
    4. DD) King-of-the-hill
35. 355) Anna is a millionaire but she is constantly stressed and unhappy despite her wealth, Anna is experiencing ________.

    1. AA) burnout
    2. BB) class warfare
    3. CC) affluenza
    4. DD) cosmopolitanism
36. 366) We tend to marry people in a similar social class to ours. Sociologists call this ________, or assortative mating.

    1. AA) hemophilia
    2. BB) homogamy
    3. CC) monogamy
    4. DD) cultural formatting
37. 377) SRBI Consulting Business Intelligence divides consumers into which of the following groups?

    1. AA) Luxury is functional
    2. BB) Luxury is a reward
    3. CC) Luxury is indulgence
    4. DD) All of the above
38. 388) Fred has been a farmer all his life. He inherited the family farm when he was 35, but that was twenty years ago. Due to the economy, Fred has lost the farm and has taken a manual labor job in the city to support his family. What form of mobility best describes Fred's position?

    1. AA) Horizontal mobility
    2. BB) Two-way stretch mobility
    3. CC) Downward mobility
    4. DD) Upward mobility
39. 399) A member of ________ has recently gained personal wealth and may experience status anxiety. Such individuals may try to display symbols of their success to make up for an internal lack of assurance about the "correct" way to behave.

    1. AA) an old money family
    2. BB) the taste culture
    3. CC) the nouveau riche
    4. DD) the mass class
40. 4010) What modern American ceremony would come closest in intent to a Native American potlatch?

    1. AA) A baptism
    2. BB) A marriage
    3. CC) A university graduation
    4. DD) The celebration ordered by a large company that has gained a new lucrative contract
41. 411) The process whereby a product formerly associated with a specific ethnic group is detached from its roots and marketed to other subcultures is called ________.

    1. AA) warming
    2. BB) de-ethnicization
    3. CC) acculturation
    4. DD) de-culturization
42. 422) In the process of ________, new immigrants adopt products, habits, and values they identify with the mainstream culture.

    1. AA) assimilation
    2. BB) maintenance
    3. CC) segregation
    4. DD) resistance
43. 433) Which American ethnic subculture is the fastest growing?

    1. AA) Hispanic American
    2. BB) African American
    3. CC) Asian American
    4. DD) American Indian
44. 444) Japan is a very tightly knit culture with rich history and social identification. In this culture, people tend to infer meanings that go beyond the spoken word. This classifies Japan as a ________ culture.

    1. AA) high-context
    2. BB) low-context
    3. CC) progressive
    4. DD) paradigm
45. 455) Maria Gomez is thrilled to be in the United States. After spending her childhood years in Mexico, she is looking forward to the freedom given to teenage girls in the United States. "I can wear shorts, pantsuits, and even halter tops and no one will think badly of me," says Maria. Maria is in the process of ________.

    1. AA) maintenance
    2. BB) adaptation
    3. CC) resistance
    4. DD) segregation
46. 466) With respect to the acculturation process, what is the relationship between maintenance and segregation?

    1. AA) People who belong to the dominant culture attempt to maintain their cultural superiority by isolating the subculture values of new immigrants and physically segregating members of new subcultures into separate groups.
    2. BB) New immigrants often attempt to maintain their old cultural backgrounds be segregating themselves, living and shopping in physically separated areas from the main culture.
    3. CC) Members of a subculture who have been in a larger culture for a long period of time maintain their alliance to the new culture by segregating themselves from new immigrants.
    4. DD) The relationship is subtle. There is constant battle between new immigrants attempting to maintain their new identity and language and the dominant culture applying pressure to segregate new immigrants, thus separating them from the new culture.
47. 477) ________ foods are permissible under the laws of Islam.

    1. AA) Kosher
    2. BB) Organic
    3. CC) Halal
    4. DD) Tudung
48. 488) A nuclear family consists of ________.

    1. AA) a mother and at least one child
    2. BB) a mother, a father, and at least one child
    3. CC) two generations of a family
    4. DD) three generations of a family
49. 499) Shannon Reeves and Tish Phillips remember their days as student protesters in the 1960s. Shannon remembers seeing Jim Hendrix at Woodstock and Tish remembers burning her bra in front of the central administration building at Yale. These memories about cultural heroes and events are one of the chief characteristics of an age ________.

    1. AA) paradigm
    2. BB) renaissance
    3. CC) cohort
    4. DD) perception
50. 5010) Jui-Jui has a need to achieve independence. He dreams daily of leaving home and getting his own apartment; however, because he lives in a neighborhood full of houses, he would have to go some distance to find an apartment that he could afford. This move would mean that he would distance himself from his friends. This example is a common dilemma for many teens. Which of the following conflicts that most teens face is most applicable to Jui-Jui's situation?

    1. AA) Autonomy vs. belonging
    2. BB) Rebellion vs. conformity
    3. CC) Idealism vs. pragmatism
    4. DD) Narcissism vs. intimacy
51. 511) ________ usually dictate what is right and wrong, acceptable or unacceptable.

    1. AA) Myths
    2. BB) Theories
    3. CC) Norms
    4. DD) Rituals
52. 522) The aspect of a cultural system which describes the mental characteristics of a people and the way they relate to their environment and social groups is known as ________.

    1. AA) ecology
    2. BB) social structure
    3. CC) ideology
    4. DD) anthropology
53. 533) In the cultural production process, the people who control the flow of information between producers and customers are called ________.

    1. AA) lead users
    2. BB) cultural gatekeepers
    3. CC) cultural informers
    4. DD) innovators
54. 544) Raymond Chandler wrote classic American detective stories. By always using certain roles for his characters and props that were appropriate to the genre, Chandler's novels followed a(n) ________.

    1. AA) cultural formula
    2. BB) enacted norm
    3. CC) fashion cycle
    4. DD) innovation process
55. 555) According to Dennis Rook, a key aspect of a ritual is ________.

    1. AA) artifacts
    2. BB) scripts
    3. CC) performance roles
    4. DD) all of the above
56. 566) Brands that we closely link to our rituals are called ________ brands; once they become imbedded in our rituals we are unlikely to replace them.

    1. AA) fighter
    2. BB) fortress
    3. CC) transcultural
    4. DD) sacralized
57. 577) As a relationship grows and progresses, gift giving tends to become more ________.

    1. AA) exchange oriented
    2. BB) reciprocal
    3. CC) altruistic
    4. DD) instrumental
58. 588) Pavel is an inventor. He read that there were several million people who could not sleep at night until they looked under the bed. He invented a light that could be put under the bed and went on automatically when someone looked there. Pavel's product is designed to help people perform a ________.

    1. AA) ritual
    2. BB) symbolic exchange
    3. CC) convention
    4. DD) rite of passage
59. 599) Through the process of ________, objects associated with sacred events or people become sacred in their own right.

    1. AA) congregation
    2. BB) reciprocity
    3. CC) desacralization
    4. DD) contamination
60. 6010) Thomas and his family recently toured the Gettysburg Battlefield on their vacation. The area was rich in history. While walking, Thomas remembered all the accounts of the battle that he had read in school. He finally understood why this place had such a special meaning in American history and to Americans in general. Gettysburg Battlefield is best classified as ________.

    1. AA) profane
    2. BB) objectified
    3. CC) sacred
    4. DD) crescive

Beschreibung

Quiz am Consumer Behaviour Exam 3, erstellt von Natalie Vitale am 02/12/2019.

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Natalie Vitale

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