Cholinergic Drugs

Beschreibung

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Zusammenfassung der Ressource

Frage 1

Frage
Which drugs are used for glaucoma [blank_start]Pilocarpine[blank_end] [blank_start]Carbachol[blank_end]
Antworten
  • Pilocarpine
  • Suprarenin
  • Carbachol
  • Benzatropine

Frage 2

Frage
What are the symptoms of nerve gas poisoning. Organize symptoms into groups:
Antworten
  • Nicotinic signs: Neuromuscular (twitching, fasciculation, paralysis)
  • Central signs: Headache, drowsiness, disorientation, coma or generalized convulsion
  • Muscarinic signs: Miosis, nausea, salvitation, vomiting, diarrhea, sweating, bradycardia, bronchial constriction.
  • Treatment: Atropine (muscarinic receptor antagonist), diazepam (for convulsion) and pralidoxime or obidoxime (reactivators)

Frage 3

Frage
What are indications for Benzatropine
Antworten
  • Parkinson’s disease
  • blurred vision
  • fast heartbeats
  • vomiting or constipation
  • little or no urination

Frage 4

Frage
Side effects of atropine
Antworten
  • hallucinations
  • dry mouth
  • constipation
  • dryness of skin
  • tachycardia
  • urine retention
  • Blocking of acetylcholine

Frage 5

Frage
Rivastigmine - Method of Action and indications of
Antworten
  • Reversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (Indirect acting cholinergic agonist)
  • Alzheimer’s disease, dementia
  • quite well absorbed by oral route and crossing well the blood brain barrier
  • Organophosperus poisoning
  • Parkinson´s Disease
  • symptomatical dehydration

Frage 6

Frage
Tropicamide Indications
Antworten
  • Dilation of the pupil (connected with examination before & after surgery)
  • Mydriasis
  • Countering of Opiod abuse opthalamic symptoms

Frage 7

Frage
3 Alzheimer Drugs
Antworten
  • Donepezil
  • Rivastigmine
  • Gelantamine

Frage 8

Frage
Muscarine Poisoning:
Antworten
  • Increased Salivation, sweating, lacrimation
  • Bradycardia, Block, Hypertension
  • Generally subsides within 2 Hours
  • Dyspnoe, blurrred vision, abdominal pain with nausea and diarrhea
  • The specific antigen is Atropine

Frage 9

Frage
Neostigmine
Antworten
  • Reversible Inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase
  • Prioritizes Digestive tract and Bladder over CVS & CNS
  • Treatment in myasthenia gravis, posoperative atony (intestine/bladder)
  • neostigmine indirectly stimulates both nicotinic and muscarinic receptors
  • reversible cholinesterase inhibitor

Frage 10

Frage
Clinical Indications of parasympathic agonists
Antworten
  • Bradycardia, Hypotension, Coronary insufficiency
  • Cardiac Block
  • Hyperthyroidism
  • Asthma
  • peptic Ulcers

Frage 11

Frage
Method of Action of Buscopan
Antworten
  • peripheral effects similar to those of atropine
  • sedative and tranquillizing action and has an amnestic effect
  • treat abdominal cramping and irritable bowel syndrome => antispasmodics acting on the smooth musculature
  • used as an antiemetic agent in the prevention of motion sickness

Frage 12

Frage
Indication for Atropine
Antworten
  • antidote in muscarinic poisoning
  • biliary and renal colic pain used as antispasmodic for painful smooth muscle spasms
  • cardiology: treatment of bradykardia and block.
  • anesthesiology : prevention of respiratory tract secretion ● bronchospasm ● laryngospasm ● reflexes
  • Atrial Fibrilation

Frage 13

Frage
How does Dopamine act?
Antworten
  • D1 – stimulated at low concentration. Induces renal, mesenteryc and coronary vasodilation. Increase renal blood flow and GFR, Na excretion.
  • B1 – Stimulated at higher concentration. Postitive inotropic effect
  • A1 stimulated at high concentrations.Induces vasoconstriction

Frage 14

Frage
Side effects of epinephrine
Antworten
  • fear anxiety, restlessness, tremor
  • hypertension & Cardiac arrythmias, can cause anginal pain
  • cerebral haemorrhage
  • Worse in hyperthyroid and hypersensitive patients.

Frage 15

Frage
Isoprenaline indications
Antworten
  • bradycardia
  • atrioventricular block

Frage 16

Frage
Isoprenaline has only cardiovascular indications
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 17

Frage
Drugs used to prevent premature labour and receptors
Antworten
  • Salbutamol (short-acting β2 adrenergic receptor agonist)
  • Terbutaline (beta‑adrenergic agonist)
  • Ritodrine (short-acting β2 adrenoreceptor agonist)

Frage 18

Frage
short-acting β2 adrenergic receptor agonist / β2 Stimulants are used in prevention of premature labour / preterm delivery, they act on the utereine smooth muscle cell β2 receptors causing relaxation
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 19

Frage
short-acting β2 & 3 adrenergic receptor antagonist are used in prevention of premature labour / preterm delivery, they act on the utereine smooth muscle cell β3 receptors causing relaxation
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 20

Frage
Asthma treatment
Antworten
  • Epinephrine for asthma attacks: Stimulates α1, α2, β1, β2, β3 adrenergic receptors
  • Ipratropium / Atrovent; Muscarinic receptor antagonist reduce the effects of acetylcholine
  • Salbutamol Inhalator relaxing SMC in the airways by acting on β2 receptors (short acting)

Frage 21

Frage
Treatment of bradycardia
Antworten
  • done by using beta1 and beta2 agonists.
  • Isoprenaline
  • orciprenaline
  • atropine with clinical monitoring

Frage 22

Frage
Side Efffeects of Norepinephrine
Antworten
  • sudden numbness, weakness, or cold feeling anywhere in your body
  • hypertension
  • reduced blood flow in organs, kidney, liver, brain
  • necrosis at site of administration
  • problems with vision, speech, or balance; or severe headache, blurred vision, pounding in your neck or ears

Frage 23

Frage
Nasal drops are Alpha 2 agonists with local effects
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 24

Frage
Nasal Drops are Alpha 1 effects with peripheral effects but with local administration they give more localized effects
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 25

Frage
Nasal Drops (α1 agonists)
Antworten
  • Phenylepinephrine
  • Naphazoline
  • Tymazoline
  • Ksylometazoline

Frage 26

Frage
Indications of Epinephrine
Antworten
  • Anaphylactic Shock
  • Cardiac arrest
  • Asthma attack
  • Glaucoma
  • used with local anaesthesia to reduce their effusion from injection site

Frage 27

Frage
Dobutamine
Antworten
  • primarily used in congestive heart failure and shock with low cardiac output
  • β1 agonist
  • ide effects include a fast heart rate, an irregular heart beat, and inflammation at the site of injection
  • positive ionotropic action

Frage 28

Frage
Prevention of Asthma Attacks
Antworten
  • Salmeterol,
  • formoterol
  • bambuterol
  • Ipratropium
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