670644
Frage 1
Frage
The cardiovascular system is made up of
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heart and blood vessels
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heart and lungs
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heart and arteries
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heart and veins
Frage 2
Frage
Which is the correct graduation of vessels?
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Veins --> venules --> capillaries --> arterioles --> arteries
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Venules --> veins --> arterioles --> arteries --> capillaries
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Capilaries --> arterioles --> veins --> arteries --> venules
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Arteries --> arterioles --> capillaries --> venules --> veins
Frage 3
Frage
Arteries carry blood _____________, while veins carry blood __________________ .
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away from the heart; to the heart
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to the heart; away from the heart
Frage 4
Frage
Capillaries are the site of
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blood flow
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nutrient, gas, waste, and electrolyte exchange
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deoxidization
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cellular respiration
Frage 5
Frage
The two circuits of the cardiovascular system are
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auxiliary and immediate
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chambered and closed
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systemic and pulmonary
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large and reoccurring
Frage 6
Frage
The pulmonary circuit is on the _________ side
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right
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left
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lateral
-
medial
Frage 7
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The systemic circuit is on the ________ side
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left
-
right
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lateral
-
medial
Frage 8
Frage
The pulmonary circuit pumps blood to
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heart and lungs
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heart and rest of the body
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lungs only
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liver and spleen
Frage 9
Frage
The systemic circuit pumps blood to
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heart and rest of the body
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heart and lungs
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brain and carotid artery
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extremeties
Frage 10
Frage
The base of the heart can be defined as
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the bottom of the heart
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area where large blood vessels originate
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the top of the heart
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the lateral side of the heart
Frage 11
Frage
The base of the heart lies at
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just below the second rib
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between the 5th and 6th ribs
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touching the spleen
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on the stomach
Frage 12
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The apex of the heart can be defined as __________________, and lies ____________.
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the bottom of the heart; between the 5th and 6th ribs
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the area where large blood vessels originate, just below the 2nd rib
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the left side of the heart, touching the spleen
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the posterior portion of the heart, touching vertebrae.
Frage 13
Frage
Deoxygenated blood is being pumped _______
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to the lungs
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to the heart from the lungs
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to the brain
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to extremeties
Frage 14
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Oxygenated blood is pumped _______
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coming back to heart from lungs
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to the lungs
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to the brain
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to extremeties
Frage 15
Frage
The heart is bordered laterally by ________, posteriorly by ____________ ___________, and anteriorly by ___________
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sternum, lungs, vertebral column
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lungs, vertebral column, sternum
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vertebral column, sternum, lungs
Frage 16
Frage
The pericardium is the
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main valve in the heart
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calcium buildup in heart
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membrane that covers the heart
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mechanism that causes the heart to beat
Frage 17
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The wall of the heart has ____ layers; they are (from outer to inner):
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2; endocardium and myocardium
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4; pericardium, myocardium, endocardium, and epicardium
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3; epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium
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3; endocardium, myocardium, and epicardium
Frage 18
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Epicardium is the ________ most layer of the heart wall. It's primary function is to __________
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inner most; increases blood flow
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middle; filter blood cells
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outer; reduce friction via serous membranes
Frage 19
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The myocardium is the ______ layer of the heart wall. It is composed of
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outer layer; serous membranes
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inner layer; epithelial cells
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middle layer; cardiac muscle tissue
Frage 20
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The myocardium is the ______ layer of the heart wall. It is composed of
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outer layer; serous membranes
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inner layer; epithelial cells
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middle layer; cardiac muscle tissue
Frage 21
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The endocardium is the ________ most layer of the heart wall; it is composed of
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inner; epithelial cells, blood vessels, parajunkie fibers
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middle; muscle tissue
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outer; serous membranes
Frage 22
Frage
Epithelial cells
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are responsible for electrical impulses spread throughout the heart
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line the chambers of the heart
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protect heart from pathogens
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reduce friction in heart
Frage 23
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Purjunkie fibers are
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how electrical impulse are spread through the heart
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line the chambers of the heart
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reduce friction
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hold the heart together
Frage 24
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The heart is comprised of how many chambers?
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2
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3
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4
-
6
Frage 25
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The upper chambers of the heart are known as the
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Atria (right and left)
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Auricles (right and left)
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Ventricles
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Aorta
Frage 26
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The lower chambers of the heart are known as
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Atria (right and left)
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Ventricles (right and left)
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Auricles
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Aorta
Frage 27
Frage
Atria are responsible for
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forcing blood into corresponding ventricles when they contract
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pump blood throughout body
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decrease blood flow
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slow heart rate
Frage 28
Frage
Ventricles are responsible for
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forcing blood throughout into corresponding atria when they contract
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pumping blood throughout the entire body
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separating blood cells
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clotting
Frage 29
Frage
Auricles are attached to _________ and increase
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atria; blood volume atria can hold
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ventricles; heart size
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atrioventricular orifice; blood flow throughout body
Frage 30
Frage
Auricles are attached to _________ and increase
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atria; blood volume atria can hold
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ventricles; heart size
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atrioventricular orifice; blood flow throughout body
Frage 31
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Left and right atria are separated by
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Auricles
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Ventricles
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Interatrial Septum
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Atrioventricular Orifice
Frage 32
Frage
Ventricles are separated by
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interatrial septum
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interventricular septrum
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atrioventricular orifice
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AV Valves
Frage 33
Frage
Atria is separated from the ventricles by
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atrioventricular orifice
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AV valves
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Auricles
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interatrial septum
Frage 34
Frage
The muscular walls of the left ventricle are thicker because:
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it holds more blood
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pumps blood farther than right ventricle
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more epithelial cells line the left side
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the left side is smaller
Frage 35
Frage
Valves of the heart are important for
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sorting red blood cells
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clotting mechanisms
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preventing "back-wash" from the muscular pumping action
Frage 36
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The tricuspid valve is the AV valve found on the _______ side of the heart
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left
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right
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lateral
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medial
Frage 37
Frage
The tricuspid valve has _____________ ___________ attached to one end of the cusps, while the other end attach to papillary muscles
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blood vessels
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arteries
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chordae tendinae
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mucous membranes
Frage 38
Frage
The tricuspid valve:
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contracts when the right ventricle contracts
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prevents the tricuspid from swinging into the right atria
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closure of the right AV valve is passive
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all of the above
Frage 39
Frage
The tricuspid valve:
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contracts when the right ventricle contracts
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prevents the tricuspid from swinging into the right atria
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closure of the right AV valve is passive
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all of the above
Frage 40
Frage
The pulmonary valve does not contain
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epithelial cells
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chordae tindineae
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blood vessels
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T cells
Frage 41
Frage
The pulmonary valve
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opens as the right ventricle contracts
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separates right ventricle from pulmonary trunk
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closes due to blood backing up on it after the right ventricle stops contracting
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all the above
Frage 42
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The atrioventricular valve for the left side of the heart is known as the
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mitral (bicuspid valve)
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pulmonary valve
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tricuspid valve
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chordae tendineae
Frage 43
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The mitral valve is responsible for
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separating the left atrium from left ventricle, closes passively, and has papillary muscles and chordae tendinae
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stops blood flow
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increasing heart rate
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all the above
Frage 44
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The contraction of the left ventricle does what?
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stops blood flow
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pumps blood into aorta through aortic valve
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squeezes blood into capillaries
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encourages filtration of blood cells
Frage 45
Frage
The main result of coronary circulation is to
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get blood to the brain
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supply heart tissue with blood
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pump blood to extremities
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provide nutrients to body
Frage 46
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The atria ___________ while the ventricles ____________, and vice versa.
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contract; relax
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stop; start
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enlarge; decrease
Frage 47
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The pattern of contraction and relaxation in the heart is known as
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coronary circulation
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the heart cycle
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cardiac rhythm
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beating pattern
Frage 48
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When the atria contract, it is known as _________ __________. When atria relax it is known as ______ ________
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atria diastole; atria systole
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atria systole; atria diastole
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atrial enlargement; atrial decreasing
Frage 49
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ventricular contraction is known as ________ ________ ; ventricular relaxation is known as _______ _______
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ventricular systole ; ventricular diastole
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ventricular diastole; ventricular systole
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ventricular enlargement ; decreasing ventricle
Frage 50
Frage
During atrial/ventricular systole/diastol cycle, there is a brief _________ period for both ventricles and atria.
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contraction
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relaxation (diastole)
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spasm
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acceleration
Frage 51
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High blood pressure causes the heart to
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beat slower
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work harder
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beat faster
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stop
Frage 52
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During the cardiac cycle, pressure __________ and __________ within the chambers of the heart
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begins and ends
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rises and falls
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stops and starts
Frage 53
Frage
Changes in pressure in the heart result in
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decreased blood flow
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acceleration of heartbeat
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opening and closing of the valves
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cardiac arrest
Frage 54
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During diastole, pressure is _______ which allows blood from areas of _____ pressure to come in
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high; lower
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low; higher
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pressure does not affect this.
Frage 55
Frage
During systole, pressure is _______ and blood will push valves open and move to _______ areas
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higher; lower
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lower; higher
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this does not affect pressure.
Frage 56
Frage
When the ventricles contract, pressure is greater in the _______ than the ________
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arteries; ventricles
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ventricles; arteries
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aorta; auricle
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left chamber; right chamber
Frage 57
Frage
The sound the heart makes is:
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thump
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pitter patter
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lubb-dupp
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click
Frage 58
Frage
The "lubb" sound occurs during __________, which results in the closing of the AV valves
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ventricular diastole
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ventricular systole
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atrial diastole
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atrial systole
Frage 59
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The "dubb" sound of a heartbeat occurs during ___________, which is the result of the pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves closing
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ventricular diastole
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ventricular systole
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atrial diastole
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atrial systole
Frage 60
Frage
Heart sounds can indicate problems such as
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cardiac arrest
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clogged arteries
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heart murmurs
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decreased blood flow
Frage 61
Frage
The key parts of the cardiac conduction system are:
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Sinoatrial (SA) node, atrioventricular (AV) node, Atrioventricular (AV) bundle, and Purkinje fibers
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ventricles and atria
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atria and auricles
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blood vessels and heart
Frage 62
Frage
The SA node is known as the
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blood flow regulator
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filtration center
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oxygen receptor
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pacemaker
Frage 63
Frage
The SA reaches __________ _________ on its own
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purkinje fibers
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AV valve
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threshold stimulus
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aortic valve
Frage 64
Frage
The SA node is responsible for
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white blood cell production
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cardiac tissue development
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pumping blood
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rhythmic activity
Frage 65
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SA node causes the _________ to contract almost simultaneously
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ventricles
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atria
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auricles
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AV valve
Frage 66
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The AV node __________ impulse further allowing ________ to completely contract.
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quickens; atria
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quickens; ventricle
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slows; atria
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slows; ventricle
Frage 67
Frage
The AV bundles _________
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branch into left and right AV bundles
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stop contraction of atria
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cause blow flow to increase
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produce rhythm of heartbeat
Frage 68
Frage
Purkinje fibers
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carry impulse very quickly to distant regions of ventricles, so that the ventricles contract as a functional unit
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stop electrical impulse
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cause increased heartbeat
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contract atrial walls
Frage 69
Frage
The correct order for chain of impulse during cardiac conduction system is:
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ventricular syncticum, purkinje fibers, av bundle, av node, sa node
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purkinje fibers, ventricular syncticum, av valve, sa node, av bundle
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av bundle, sa node, av valve, ventricular syncticum, purkinje fibers
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sa node, av node, av bundle, purkinje fibers, ventricular syncticum
Frage 70
Frage
The junctional fibers are _________, therefore _________ electrical impulse.
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wide; increasing
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wide; slowing
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narrow; increasing
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narrow; slowing
Frage 71
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_________ record changes in electrical potential during the cardiac cycle.
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PKG
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ECG
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PET scan
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MRI scan
Frage 72
Frage
Electrocardiograms produce several waves; these are:
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A, B, C, D
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P, Q, R, S, T
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1, 2, 3, 4, 5
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Z, Y, X, W, V
Frage 73
Frage
The ______ waves of an electrocardiogram combine to make up the ______ ________
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QRS; QRS complex
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123; 123 complex
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ZYX; ZYX complex
Frage 74
Frage
Large electrical changes in an electrocardiogram show up as a ________
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inflection
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deflection
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spasm
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murmur
Frage 75
Frage
P wave is a result of
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atrial polarization
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atrial depolarization
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atrial repolarization
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ventricular systole
Frage 76
Frage
The P wave in an ECG leads to
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ventricular systole
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atrial diastole
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atrial systole
-
ventricular dyastole
Frage 77
Frage
The QRS complex is a result of
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ventricular polarization
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ventricular depolarization
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atrial depolarization
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atrial systole
Frage 78
Frage
The QRS wave occurs just before
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ventricular contraction
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ventricular dilation
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atrial contraction
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atrial dilation
Frage 79
Frage
Due to the QRS complex, repolarization of the atria is
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quickened
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obscured
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impossible
Frage 80
Frage
Repolarization ECG wave begins at
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apex of QRS complex
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low point of QRS complex
Frage 81
Frage
The _____ wave is a result of ventricular repolarization
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Q
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R
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S
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T
Frage 82
Frage
The T wave takes longer to produce, seeing as
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ventricle walls are shorter
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ventricle walls are longer
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ventricle walls are larger
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ventricle walls are stronger
Frage 83
Frage
Factors that affect the cardiac control system are
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parasympathetic fibers, sympathetic fibers, and barioreceptors
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blood pressure
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blood flow
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blood volume
Frage 84
Frage
vagus nerves are _________ and originate in ______ and terminate in _____
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parasympathetic; SA node; medulla oblongata
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parasympathetic; medulla oblongata; SA node
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sympathetic; heart; brain
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sympathetic; liver; extremities
Frage 85
Frage
Vagus nerves can both increase and decrease _____________ ________ through _____________.
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blood flow; lysosomes
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clotting factors; calcium
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heart rate; acetylcholine
Frage 86
Frage
Accelerator nerves are ________, and increase heart rate though _________
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parasympathetic; acetylcholine
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parasympathetic; norepinephrine
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sympathetic; acetylcholine
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sympathetic; norepinephrine
Frage 87
Frage
Barioreceptors are also known as
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calcium receptors
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plasma receptors
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stretch receptors
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rhythm receptors
Frage 88
Frage
Barioreceptors are part of
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cardioinhibitor and cardioaccelerator reflex centers
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muscle fibers
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cardiac tissue
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cardiovascular system
Frage 89
Frage
Baroreceptors arise from
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atria
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ventricles
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medulla oblongata
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SA node
Frage 90
Frage
Baroreceptors are responsible for
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maintaing balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers
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regulation of blood flow
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increased heart rate
-
all the above
Frage 91
Frage
The aorta and carotid arteries utilize baroreceptors to
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increase pressure
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decrease pressure
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accelerate heart rate
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decrease heart rate
Frage 92
Frage
Stretch receptors are located in the
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venae cavae
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aorta
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atrium
-
ventricles
Frage 93
Frage
Increase in pressure causes increased heart rate and force of contraction because
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the heart is beating very weakly due to blood backup in the venae cavae.
-
the heart is beating strongly due to blood backup in the venae cavae.
Frage 94
Frage
Impulses from the cerebrum or hypothalamus:
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decrease, causing fainting
-
increase, causing anxiety
-
both
Frage 95
Frage
An increase in temperature causes an increase in _________ ______ and vice versa.
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heart rate
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blood flow
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oxygen levels
Frage 96
Frage
Baroreceptors also influence ______ changes; such as ______ and ________
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blood cell; red and white
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ion; sodium and potassium
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oxygen; deoxygenation and oxygenation
Frage 97
Frage
________ ________ form a closed circuit of tubes carrying blood AWAY from the heart and then back.
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cardiac system
-
blood vessels
-
large capillaries
-
pulmonary system
Frage 98
Frage
Blood vessels include:
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aorta, pulmonary veins
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arteries, arterioles, metartioles, capillaries, veinules, veins
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veins and veinules
Frage 99
Frage
Arteries and arterioles (and metarterioles) conduct blood __________ from _______ and lead to ______
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away; capillaries; ventricles
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away; ventricles; capillaries
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away; aorta; tricuspid valve
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away; venules; veins
Frage 100
Frage
The sites of substance exchange between the blood and body cells are
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Venules
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Veins
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Arteries
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Capillaries
Frage 101
Frage
Venules and veins return blood from ________ to _______
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atria; capillaries
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capillaries; atria
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blood vessels; capillaries
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capillaries; blood vessels
Frage 102
Frage
The portion of the arteriole that leads to capillary beds is known as
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metarterioles
-
capillaries
-
veins
-
venule
Frage 103
Frage
Capillaries are the _____ diameter blood vessel
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smallest
-
largest
Frage 104
Frage
Cappillaries are responsible for connecting ________ to _________
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veins ; venules
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arterioles ; veins
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arterioles; venules
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veins; arterioles
Frage 105
Frage
Structurally speaking, capillaries are extensions of the ________ of arterioles
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veins
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endothelium
-
arteries
Frage 106
Frage
________ in capillary walls permits for capillary permeability
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holes
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slits
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valves
-
depressions
Frage 107
Frage
The "slits" in the capillaries are where cells
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build up
-
overlap
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are not present
-
die
Frage 108
Frage
Capillary permeability is conducive to ________. Muscle tissues have ____ capillary openings, while liver and red bone marrow have _________ capillary openings
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size of organ; large; small
-
size of organ; small; large
-
function; large; small
-
function; small; large
Frage 109
Frage
Why are slits in muscle tissue capillaries smaller?
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muscle tissue needs oxygen
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muscle tissue needs less nutrients
-
muscle tissue does not need as much aid from capillaries as other organs do
Frage 110
Frage
Arteries are
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weak; break easily
-
weak; yet elastic
-
strong; yet break easily
-
strong; elastic
Frage 111
Frage
Arteries contain ____ layers:
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-
1
-
2
-
3
-
4
Frage 112
Frage
The three layers of the artery from outermost to innermost are:
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Tunica media, tunica interna, tunica externa
-
Tunica intera, tunica externa, tunica media
-
Tunica externa, tunica media, tunica intera
Frage 113
Frage
The tunica interna contains
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platelets
-
calcium deposits
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phagocytes
-
endothelium
Frage 114
Frage
The tunica media contains ________ and which ____________/_________ blood vessels
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elastic connective tissue; dilates; constricts
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smooth muscle; constricts; dilates
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plasmids; dilates; constricts
Frage 115
Frage
Collagenous fibers are found in the ______ _____ layer of the artery, these allow for added _______
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tunica interna; strength
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tunica externa; elasticity
-
tunica media; elasticity
-
tunica media; strength
Frage 116
Frage
The tunica externa contains _____ __ and houses ____ ______
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smooth muscle; vasa vasorum
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connective tissue; blood cells
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connective tissue; vasa vasorum
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elastic connective tissue; vasa vasorum
Frage 117
Frage
The _________ __________, located in the tunica externa region of the artery, are small blood vessels that nourish smooth muscle layers of fibers.
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vasa vasorum
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connective tissue
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endothelial tissue
-
collagenous fibers
Frage 118
Frage
The function of _________ in artery walls is so that blood can have a smooth surface to flow through, cutting down damage to blood cells.
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elastic connective tissue
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endothelium
-
connective tissue
-
vasa vasorum
Frage 119
Frage
Endothelium in arteries secrete chemicals to inhibit
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blood flow
-
clotting
-
platelet coagulation
Frage 120
Frage
Endothelium in arteries uses _______ ______ to cause dilation/constriction of blood vessels
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blood flow
-
nitrous oxide
-
sulfur phosphate
Frage 121
Frage
Smooth muscles of arteries and arterioles are innervated by sympathetic motor fibers, known as:
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parasympathetic fibers
-
sympathetic fibers
-
vasomotor fibers
-
elastic fibers
Frage 122
Frage
Vasomotor fibers stimulate contraction of smooth muscle fibers in arterial walls. This is known as
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smooth muscle constriction
-
smooth muscle contraction
-
vasoconstriction
-
vasocontraction
Frage 123
Frage
When impulse of vasomotor fibers is interrupted, it causes relaxation of muscles, known as
Antworten
-
vasoconstriction
-
vasocontraction
-
vasodilatation
Frage 124
Frage
Vasoconstriction and vasodilation have opposing effects on
Antworten
-
blood flow
-
blood pressure
-
heart rate
Frage 125
Frage
Exchange in the capillaries occurs via
Antworten
-
diffusion
-
osmosis
-
filtration
-
all the above
Frage 126
Frage
Capillaries use __________ as the primary mode of exchange
Antworten
-
diffusion
-
osmosis
-
filtration
Frage 127
Frage
In capillaries, if a molecule is lipid soluble it diffuses through ______ ________. If the molecule is water soluble, it goes through __________ _________.
Antworten
-
capillary slits; cell membrane.
-
cell membrane; capillary slits.
-
both diffuse through cell membrane
-
both diffuse through capillary slits
Frage 128
Frage
Plasma proteins tend to not leave the capillaries, resulting in:
Antworten
-
hydrostatic pressure
-
increased blood flow
-
colloid osmotic pressure
-
decreased blood flow
Frage 129
Frage
Colloid osmotic pressure is responsible for
Antworten
-
blood pressure
-
drawing water in
-
increased blood flow
Frage 130
Frage
Hydrostatic pressure results in the filtration of ______ molecules (like water)
Antworten
-
small
-
large
-
heavy
-
rigid
Frage 131
Frage
Blood pressure __________ the ______ _________ ____ the heart you get
Antworten
-
increases; further away from
-
decreases; further away from
Frage 132
Frage
Veins tend to follow a path _____ to arteries
Antworten
-
vertical
-
parallel
-
there is no set path
Frage 133
Frage
While veins are similar to arteries, the major difference between the two is that:
Antworten
-
veins are larger
-
veins have valves, that prevent back flow of blood
-
veins hold less blood
-
all the above
Frage 134
Frage
Veins do not have the _______ that arteries do; there is approximately ____ % blood pressure acting on veins
Antworten
-
strength; 10%
-
elasticity; 0%
-
rigidity; 20%
-
volume; 100%
Frage 135
Frage
The primary source of moving blood from veins is
Antworten
-
skeletal muscle contractions
-
smooth muscle contractions
-
dilated vessels
-
increased oxygen
Frage 136
Frage
___________ can be used as blood reservoirs by contracting due to sympathetic muscles in their lining causing them to maintain blood pressure and volume by increasing the amount of blood being returned to the heart.
Antworten
-
Arteries
-
Capillaries
-
Venules
-
Veins
Frage 137
Frage
The force exerted by the blood on walls of the blood vessels is known as
Antworten
-
Blood pressure
-
constriction
-
dilation
-
vasodilation
Frage 138
Frage
Blood pressure refers to the pressure in
Antworten
-
veins
-
venules
-
capillaries
-
systemic arteries
Frage 139
Frage
Systolic blood pressure is during
Antworten
-
atrial systole
-
atrial diastole
-
ventricular systole
-
ventricular diastole
Frage 140
Frage
Diastolic blood pressure occurs during
Antworten
-
atrial systole
-
atrial diastole
-
ventricular systole
-
ventricular diastole
Frage 141
Frage
Blood vessels expand and recoil, resulting in
Antworten
-
heartbeat
-
increased blood flow
-
decreased blood flow
-
pulse
Frage 142
Frage
The first beat you hear when taking blood pressure is the ________ blood pressure; the last beat you hear is the _________ blood pressure.
Antworten
-
diastolic; systolic
-
high; low
-
systolic; diastolic
-
low; high
Frage 143
Frage
The factor(s) that affect blood pressure are
Antworten
-
heart action (stroke volume and rate)
-
blood volume
-
resistance to flow
-
blood viscosity
-
all the above
Frage 144
Frage
_____________ ___________ determines blood volume entering arterial system
Antworten
-
Blood pressure
-
Ventricular contraction
-
heart rate
-
oxygen levels
Frage 145
Frage
If cardiac output increases, then ________ ______ increases and vice versa
Antworten
-
blood pressure
-
blood flow
-
heart rate
-
energy levels
Frage 146
Frage
The ___________ ________ is equal to the sum of all formed elements and plasma volume in vascular system (about 8%)
Antworten
-
blood pressure
-
red blood cell count
-
white blood cell count
-
blood volume
Frage 147
Frage
Blood pressure is directly proportional to
Antworten
-
red blood cell count
-
oxygen levels
-
heart rate
-
blood volume
Frage 148
Frage
How easily the molecules in a fluid flow past one another is known as the
Antworten
-
texture
-
formula
-
viscosity
Frage 149
Frage
__________ _______ and __________ ________ increase viscosity
Antworten
-
red blood cells and white blood cells
-
oxygen levels and iron levels
-
blood cells and plasma proteins
-
heart rate and calcium levels
Frage 150
Frage
__________ ________ rises with an increase in viscosity; Normal blood has a ________ viscosity
Antworten
-
heart rate; thin
-
blood levels; normal
-
blood pressure; normal
-
blood levels; thick
Frage 151
Frage
_________ ____________ is the friction between the blood vessel wall and the blood
Antworten
-
blood friction
-
peripheral resistance
-
blood pressure
-
hemaglobic friction
Frage 152
Frage
Anything that alters peripheral resistance also affects _______ ______________
Antworten
-
blood levels
-
blood pressure
-
heart rate
-
blood flow
Frage 153
Frage
BP= ________ ________ x ___________ ___________
Antworten
-
blood levels; blood flow
-
cell count; heart rate
-
blood levels; heart rate
-
cardiac output; peripheral resistance
Frage 154
Frage
_________ __________ is the difference between end-diastolic volume and end-systolic volume
Antworten
-
cardiac output
-
blood pressure
-
blood flow
-
stroke volume
Frage 155
Frage
Factors that affect stroke volume are:
Antworten
-
Mechanical
-
Neural
-
Chemical
-
All the above
-
None of these
Frage 156
Frage
The amount of blood that gets back into the ventricles is known as
Antworten
-
ventricle blood return
-
venous return
-
blood back flow
-
veinous backflow
Frage 157
Frage
Normally, only about ______% of EDV is pumped out in a single contraction
Antworten
-
20%
-
30%
-
60%
-
75%
Frage 158
Frage
____________ stimulation can increase the strength of ventricular contraction and increase stroke volume
Antworten
-
parasympathetic
-
sympathetic
-
cardiac
-
pulse
Frage 159
Frage
The stretching of the myocardial fibers in the ventricles is known as
Antworten
-
preload
-
mechanical stretching
-
cardiac pulling
-
cardostretch
Frage 160
Frage
A higher EDV will result in a greater _______
Antworten
-
stroke volume
-
cardiac output
-
blood flow
-
preload
Frage 161
Frage
The increase in venous return, resulting in the increase in preload, resulting in the increase in cardiac output helps ensure that
Antworten
-
blood circulates quickly
-
the blood leaving the heart equals the blood entering the heart
-
blood still flows to the head
Frage 162
Frage
The amount of blood left in the ventricles after contraction depends on
Antworten
-
preload
-
contractility
-
afterload
-
all the above
Frage 163
Frage
_____________ is the amount of force for a contraction at a given preload
Antworten
-
cardiac output
-
EDV
-
ESV
-
contractility
Frage 164
Frage
Contractility is influenced by ____________ stimulation and ________
Antworten
-
parasympathetic; hormones
-
sympathetic; hormones
-
ESV; chemicals
Frage 165
Frage
The amount of force needed to open semilunar valves to eject blood is known as
Antworten
-
preload
-
contractility
-
afterload
-
ESV
Frage 166
Frage
Afterload is increased by
Antworten
-
increased contractility
-
decreased contractility
-
increased arterial pressure
-
decreased arterial pressure
Frage 167
Frage
Afterload leads to a _________ in stroke volume, therefore an ________ in ESV
Antworten
-
decrease; decrease
-
decrease; increase
-
increase; decrease
-
increase; increase
Frage 168
Frage
The reflex that decreases blood pressure is known as
Antworten
-
Cardioaccelerator reflex
-
Cardioinhibitor reflex
-
blood volume reflex
-
cardioflow reflex
Frage 169
Frage
The reflex that involves sympathetic impulses going to the SA nodes, in turn increasing heart rate is
Antworten
-
Cardioinhibitor reflex
-
Cardiovascular reflex
-
Cardioaccelerator reflex
-
blood flow reflex
Frage 170
Frage
Increases in heart rate can increase _________ ______ and _______ ________
Antworten
-
blood flow; blood pressure
-
blood levels; blood flow
-
blood pressure; cardiac output
-
cardiac output; blood flow
Frage 171
Frage
Factors that can increase heart rate are
Antworten
-
epinephrine
-
emotions
-
exercise
-
rise in body temperature
-
all of the above
Frage 172
Frage
Arteriole diameter can influence
Antworten
-
heart rate
-
blood pressure
-
peripheral resistance
-
cardioaccelerator reflex
Frage 173
Frage
Decreases in diameter of arterioles results in
Antworten
-
decreased peripheral resistance
-
increased peripheral resistance
Frage 174
Frage
Anything that results in vasoconstriction increases
Antworten
-
blood flow
-
peripheral resistance
-
blood pressure
-
heart rate
Frage 175
Frage
The vasomotor center is located in the __________ ________ and sends _______ signals to ________ muscles of arterioles
Antworten
-
pulmonary arteries; parasympathetic; rough
-
pulmonary arteries; sympathetic; smooth
-
medulla oblongata; parasympathetic; smooth
-
medulla oblongata; sympathetic; smooth
Frage 176
Frage
The chemicals responsible for affecting precapillary sphincters and smooth muscles or arteriole and metarteriole walls are
Antworten
-
CO2
-
O2
-
H+
-
all the above
Frage 177
Frage
Nitric oxide and bradykinin are considered
Antworten
-
vasodilators
-
vasoconstrictors
Frage 178
Frage
Angiotensin and endothelin are considered
Antworten
-
vasodilators
-
vasoconstrictors
Frage 179
Frage
Little _________ is found in the veins and venules
Antworten
-
blood
-
pressure
-
clotting
-
plasma
Frage 180
Frage
Blood movement depends on not only the heart, but
Antworten
-
skeletal muscle action
-
breathing movements
-
vasoconstriction of veins
-
all the above
Frage 181
Frage
During respiration:
Antworten
-
pressure of thoracic cavity is reduced
-
Pressure in abdominal cavity increases
-
blood is squeezed from abdominal to thoracic veins
-
all the above
Frage 182
Frage
When venous pressure is low, ________ signals stimulate the contraction of smooth muscles in the walls of the veins
Antworten
-
sympathetic
-
parasympathetic
Frage 183
Frage
Vasoconstriction maintains
Antworten
-
blood flow
-
venous return
-
heart rate
Frage 184
Frage
Blood returns to the pulmonary circuit via
Antworten
-
pulmonary arteries
-
pulmonary veins
-
cardiac veins
-
cardiac arteries
Frage 185
Frage
The arterial system carries blood _____ _____ the heart. Starts in ______ ends in _____ and ______.
Antworten
-
away from; aorta; toes; head
-
closer to; head; aorta; toes
-
away from; left ventricle; head; toes
-
closer to; aorta; head; toes.
Frage 186
Frage
All veins except pulmonary veins empty in the _______ atria
Antworten
-
right
-
left
Frage 187
Frage
The pressure in the right atria is known as
Antworten
-
right atrial pressure
-
central pressure
-
central venous pressure
-
right central venous pressure
Frage 188
Frage
Central venous pressure can influence pressure in
Antworten
-
left arterial veins
-
right arterial veins
-
carotid artery
-
peripheral veins
Frage 189
Frage
Subclavian and common carotid arteries supply blood to
Antworten
-
spleen and liver
-
brain, head, neck
-
toes and lower extremities
-
stomach and kidneys
Frage 190
Frage
Divisions of subclavian arteries include
Antworten
-
vertebral arteries, thyrocervical arteries, and costocervical arteries
-
internal carotid arteries, external carotid arteries
-
thoracic and splenic arteries
Frage 191
Frage
Common carotid arteries include
Antworten
-
internal carotid arteries
-
external carotid arteries
-
both
-
neither
Frage 192
Frage
Vertebral arteries come together to form
Antworten
-
subclavian arteries
-
basilar artery
-
internal carotid arteries
-
cerebral arteries
Frage 193
Frage
The basilar artery branches to
Antworten
-
cervix
-
pons, midbrain, cerebellum
-
liver
Frage 194
Frage
The vertebral arteries also divide into two posterior ______ arteries, which supply blood to parts of the temporal and occipital lobe
Antworten
-
cerebral
-
basilar
-
carotid
-
femoral
Frage 195
Frage
What arteries provide blood to the thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, larynx, trachea, esophagus, pharynx, and muscles of neck, shoulder, and back?
Antworten
-
costocervical arteries
-
basilar arteries
-
vertebral arteries
-
thryocervical arteries
Frage 196
Frage
What arteries are LAST to branch from the subclavian divisions, and supply blood to the muscles in neck, back, and thoracic walls?
Antworten
-
Costocervical
-
Thyrocervical
-
Vertebral
Frage 197
Frage
The external common carotid artery divides into the superior thyroid artery, lingual artery, facial artery, occipital artery, and posterior auricular artery just above the ______ border
Antworten
-
subclavian
-
laryngeal
-
cardiac
-
esophageal
Frage 198
Frage
The external carotid artery ends by dividing into the
Antworten
-
superior thyroid artery
-
maxillary and superficial temporal arteries
-
occipital artery
-
posterior auricular artery
Frage 199
Frage
The internal carotid artery is the major blood supply for the
Antworten
-
brain
-
neck
-
heart
-
stomach
Frage 200
Frage
Major branches of the internal carotid artery include
Antworten
-
ophthalmic artery, posterior communicating artery, anterior choroid artery
-
superior thyroid artery, lingual artery
-
maxillary artery, superficial temporal artery
Frage 201
Frage
At the base of the internal carotid arteries is
Antworten
-
apex of heart
-
larynx
-
esophagus
-
coronary sinus
Frage 202
Frage
The ________ artery passes between the clavicle and first rib and becomes part axillary artery
Antworten
-
carotid
-
lingual
-
maxillary
-
subclavian
Frage 203
Frage
The subclavian artery provides blood to
Antworten
-
face
-
skin of shoulder, part of mammary gland, proximal end of humorous, muscles of back, shoulder, and chest
-
hands
Frage 204
Frage
The subclavian artery becomes the ________ artery as it leaves the axilla
Antworten
-
temporal
-
mammilary
-
brachial
-
humoral
Frage 205
Frage
The radial artery
Antworten
-
is a great place to find pulse
-
provides blood to entire arm
-
is very thin
Frage 206
Frage
Where does the internal thoracic artery derive from?
Antworten
-
thoracic aorta
-
subclavian artery
-
iliac artery
Frage 207
Frage
The posterial intercostals comes from
Antworten
-
thoracic aorta
-
subclavian artery
-
thoracic artery
Frage 208
Frage
The abdominal aorta divides to form what?
Antworten
-
iliac arteries
-
subclavian arteries
-
thoracic arteries
Frage 209
Frage
The iliac arteries divides into
Antworten
-
internal iliac artery and external iliac artery
-
posterior and anterior iliac arteries
-
medial and lateral iliac arteries
Frage 210
Frage
The iliolumbar artery, superior and inferior gluteal arteries, internal pudendal artery, superior and inferior vesical arteries, middle rectal artery, and uterine artery are all derivatives of
Antworten
-
external iliac artery
-
internal iliac artery
-
subclavian artery
-
popliteal artery
Frage 211
Frage
The external iliac artery becomes
Antworten
-
femoral artery
-
subclavian artery
-
pulmonary artery
Frage 212
Frage
The superficial circumflex iliac artery, superficial epigastric artery, superficial and deep external prudendal arteries, deep femoral artery, and deep genicular artery are derivatives of
Antworten
-
the popliteal artery
-
femoral artery
-
carotid artery
-
subclavian artery
Frage 213
Frage
The femoral artery becomes the __________ artery, which supplies the ________ and muscles of the ________ and calf with blood.
Antworten
-
subclavian; elbow; gluteus
-
popliteal; knee; thigh
-
thoracic; stomach; knee
Frage 214
Frage
The popliteal artery divides into
Antworten
-
anterior and posterior tibial arteries
-
anterior and posterior popliteal arteries
-
major and minor femoral arteries
Frage 215
Frage
The popliteal artery divides into
Antworten
-
anterior and posterior tibial arteries
-
anterior and posterior popliteal arteries
-
major and minor femoral arteries
Frage 216
Frage
The anterior tibial artery branches to ________, while the posterior tibial artery branches to _______
Antworten
-
calf, anterior and lateral portions of leg
-
anterior and lateral portions of leg, calf.
Frage 217
Frage
The anterior tibial artery branches to
Antworten
-
fibular artery
-
plantar arteries
-
dorsalis pedis artery
Frage 218
Frage
The posterior tibial artery branches to
Antworten
-
fibular branch
-
plantar arteries
-
dorsalis pedis artery
-
A & B
Frage 219
Frage
The venous system
Antworten
-
carries blood from the heart
-
returns blood to the heart
Frage 220
Frage
________ system pathways are difficult to follow
Antworten
-
venous
-
capillary
-
artery
Frage 221
Frage
Blood veins of the systemic circuit converge into two major pathways
Antworten
-
major and minor venae cavae
-
superior and inferior venae cavae
-
anterior and posterior venae cavae
Frage 222
Frage
External _________ veins drain blood from the face, scalp, and superficial regions of the neck, and empty into right and left _______ veins.
Antworten
-
subclavian; jugular
-
jugular; subclavian
-
subclavian; carotid
-
carotid; jugular
Frage 223
Frage
Internal _________ veins drain blood from brain and veins in the face and neck and empties into _________ veins.
Antworten
-
jugular; subclavian
-
subclavian; jugular
-
carotid; subclavian
-
subclavian; carotid
Frage 224
Frage
The union of the internal jugular and subclavian makes the ________ veins, which empty into the _________ _______ ______
Antworten
-
superior vena cava; brachiocephalic
-
brachiocephalic; supera vena cava
-
brachiocephalic; common carotid artery
-
pulmonary veins; common carotid artery
Frage 225
Frage
Radial and ulnar veins merge to form
Antworten
-
brachial veins
-
subclavian veins
-
popliteal veins
Frage 226
Frage
Deep venous drainage veins are
Antworten
-
radial and ulnar
-
basilic and cephalic
-
cubital
Frage 227
Frage
Superficial venous drainage veins are
Antworten
-
radial and ulnar
-
basilic and cephalic
-
medial cubital
Frage 228
Frage
The normal site of venipuncture is
Antworten
-
brachiocephalic vein
-
medial cubital vein
-
basilic vein
-
radial vein
Frage 229
Frage
The internal thoracic and intercostal veins drain into
Antworten
-
basilic vein
-
subclavian vein
-
brachiocephalic vein
-
jugular vein
Frage 230
Frage
The posterior intercostal veins, superior and inferior hemiazygos vein, and ascending lumbar vein all drain into
Antworten
-
brachiocephalic vein
-
subclavian vein
-
azygos vein
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