Quiz
Child Psychopathology Test A
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Fragen in diesem Quiz (25)
1Which of the following is not required for a DSM-5 diagnosis of intellectual disability (intellectual developmental disorder)?
- AFull-scale IQ below 70.
- BDeficits in intellectual functions confirmed by clinical assessment.
- CDeficits in adaptive functioning that result in failure to meet developmental and sociocultural standards for personal independence and social responsibility.
- DSymptom onset during the developmental period.
- EDeficits in intellectual functions confirmed by individualized, standardized intelligence testing.
2Which of the following statements about intellectual disability (intellectual developmental disorder) is false?
- AIndividuals with intellectual disability have deficits in general mental abilities and impairment in everyday adaptive functioning compared with ageand gender-matched peers from the same linguistic and sociocultural group.
- BFor individuals with intellectual disability, the full-scale IQ score is a valid assessment of overall mental abilities and adaptive functioning, even if subtest scores are highly discrepant.
- CIndividuals with intellectual disability may have difficulty in managing their behavior, emotions, and interpersonal relationships and in maintaining motivation in the learning process.
- DIntellectual disability is generally associated with an IQ that is 2 standard deviations from the population mean, which equates to an IQ score of about 70 or below (
- EAssessment procedures for intellectual disability must take into account factors that may limit performance, such as sociocultural background, native language, associated communication/language disorder, and motor or sensory handicap.
3Which of the following statements about adaptive functioning in the diagnosis of intellectual disability (intellectual developmental disorder) is true?
- AAdaptive functioning is based on an individual’s IQ score.
- B“Deficits in adaptive functioning” refers to problems with motor coordination.
- CAt least two domains of adaptive functioning must be impaired to meet Criterion B for the diagnosis of intellectual disability.
- DAdaptive functioning in intellectual disability tends to improve over time, although the threshold of cognitive capacities and associated developmental disorders can limit it.
- EIndividuals diagnosed with intellectual disability in childhood will typically continue to meet criteria in adulthood even if their adaptive functioning improves.
4The DSM-5 diagnosis of intellectual developmental disorder includes severity specifiers—Mild, Moderate, Severe, and Profound—with which to indicate the level of supports required in various domains of adaptive functioning. Which
of the following features would not be characteristic of an individual with a “Severe” level of impairment?- AThe individual generally has little understanding of written language or of concepts involving numbers, quantity, time, and money.
- BThe individual’s spoken language is quite limited in terms of vocabulary and grammar.
- CThe individual requires support for all activities of daily living, including meals, dressing, bathing, and toileting.
- DIn adulthood, the individual may be able to sustain competitive employment in a job that does not emphasize conceptual skills.
- EThe individual cannot make responsible decisions regarding the well-being of self or others.
5Which of the following statements about global developmental delay is true?
- AThe diagnosis is typically made in children younger than 5 years of age.
- BThe etiology can usually be determined.
- CThe prevalence is estimated to be between 0.5% and 2%.
- DThe condition is progressive.
- EThe condition does not generally occur with other neurodevelopmental disorders.
6A 15-year-old boy has a long history of nonverbal communication deficits. As an infant he was unable to follow someone else directing his attention by pointing. As a toddler he was not interested in sharing events, feelings, or games with his parents. From school age into adolescence, his speech was odd in tonality and phrasing, and his body language was awkward. What do these symptoms represent?
- AStereotypies.
- BRestricted range of interests.
- CDevelopmental regression.
- DProdromal schizophreniform symptoms.
- EDeficits in nonverbal communicative behaviors.
7A 9-year-old girl presents with a history of intellectual impairment, a structural language impairment, nonverbal communication deficits, disinterest in peers, and inability to use language in a social manner. She has extreme food and tactile sensitivities. She is obsessed with one particular computer game that she plays for hours each day, and she scripts and imitates the characters in this game. She is clumsy, has an odd gait, and walks on her tiptoes. In the past year she has developed a seizure disorder and has begun to bang her wrists against the wall repetitively, causing bruising. On the other hand, she plays several musical instruments in an extremely precocious manner. Which feature of this child’s clinical presentation fulfills a criterion symptom for DSM-5 autism spectrum disorder?
- AMotor abnormalities.
- BSeizures.
- CStructural language impairment.
- DIntellectual impairment.
- ENonverbal communicative deficits.
8Which of the following is not characteristic of the developmental course of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder?
- ABehavioral features manifest before 3 years of age.
- BThe full symptom pattern does not appear until age 2–3 years.
- CDevelopmental plateaus or regression in social-communicative behavior is frequently reported by parents.
- DRegression across multiple domains occurs after age 2–3 years.
- EFirst symptoms often include delayed language development, lack of social interest or unusual social behavior, odd play, and unusual communication patterns.
9A 21-year-old man, not previously diagnosed with a developmental disorder, presents for evaluation after taking a leave from college for psychological reasons. He makes little eye contact, does not appear to pick up on social cues, has become disinterested in friends, spends hours each day on the computer surfing the Internet and playing games, and has become so sensitive to smells that he keeps multiple air fresheners in all locations of the home. He reports that he has had long-standing friendships dating from childhood and high school (corroborated by his parents). He reports making many friends in his fraternity at college. His parents report good social and communication skills in childhood, although he was quite shy and was somewhat inflexible and ritualistic at home. What is the least likely diagnosis?
- ADepression.
- BSchizophreniform disorder or schizophrenia.
- CAutism spectrum disorder.
- DObsessive-compulsive disorder.
- ESocial anxiety disorder (social phobia).
10Which of the following is not a criterion for the DSM-5 diagnosis of attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?
- AOnset of several inattentive or hyperactive-impulsive symptoms prior to age 12 years.
- BManifestation of several inattentive or hyperactive-impulsive symptoms in two or more settings (e.g., at home, school, or work; with friends or relatives; in other activities).
- CPersistence of symptoms for at least 12 months.
- DClear evidence that symptoms interfere with, or reduce the quality of, social, academic, or occupational functioning.
- EInability to explain symptoms as a manifestation of another mental disorder (e.g., mood disorder, anxiety disorder, dissociative disorder, personality disorder, substance intoxication or withdrawal).
11A 37-year-old Wall Street trader schedules a visit after his 8-year-old son is diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), combined inattentive and hyperactive. Although he does not currently note motor restlessness like his son, he recalls being that way when he was a boy, along with being quite inattentive, being impulsive, talking excessively, interrupting, and having problems waiting his turn. He was an underachiever in high school and college, when he inconsistently did his work and had difficulty following rules. Nevertheless, he never failed any classes, and he was never evaluated by a psychologist or psychiatrist. He works about 60–80 hours a week and often gets insufficient sleep. He tends to make impulsive business decisions, can be impatient and short-tempered, and notes that his mind tends to wander both in one-on-one interactions with associates and his wife and during business meetings, for which he is often late; he is forgetful and disorganized. Nevertheless, he tends to perform fairly well and is quite successful, although he can occasionally feel overwhelmed and demoralized. What is the most likely diagnosis?
- AMajor depressive disorder.
- BGeneralized anxiety disorder.
- CSpecific learning disorder.
- DADHD, in partial remission.
- EOppositional defiant disorder.
12What is the prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults?
- A8%
- B10%
- C2.5%
- D0.5%
- E5%
13Which of the following is not associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?
- AReduced school performance.
- BPoorer occupational performance and attendance.
- CHigher probability of unemployment.
- DElevated interpersonal conflict.
- EReduced risk of substance use disorders.
14A 5-year-old boy is consistently moody, irritable, and intolerant of frustration. In addition, he is pervasively and chronically restless, impulsive, and inattentive. Which diagnosis best fits his clinical picture?
- AAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
- BADHD and disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD).
- CBipolar disorder.
- DOppositional defiant disorder (ODD).
- EMajor depressive disorder (MDD).
15In distinction to DSM-IV, DSM-5 classifies all learning disorders under the diagnosis of specific learning disorder, along with the requirement to “specify all academic domains and subskills that are impaired” at the time of assessment. Which of the following statements about specific learning disorder is false?
- AThere are persistent difficulties in the acquisition of reading, writing, arithmetic, or mathematical reasoning skills during the formal years of schooling.
- BCurrent skills in one or more of these academic areas are well below the average range for the individual’s age, gender, cultural group, and level of education.
- CThere usually is a discrepancy of more than 2 standard deviations (SD) between achievement and IQ.
- DThe learning difficulties significantly interfere with academic achievement, occupational performance, or activities of daily living that require these academic skills.
- EThe learning difficulties cannot be acquired later in life.
16Which of the following statements about comorbidity in specific learning disorder is true?
- AAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) does not co-occur with specific learning disorder more frequently than would be expected by chance.
- BSpeech sound disorder and specific language impairments are not commonly comorbid with specific learning disorder.
- CIdentified clusters of co-occurrences include severe reading disorders; fine motor problems and handwriting problems; and problems with arithmetic, reading, and gross motor planning.
- DThe co-occurrence of specific learning disorder and specific language impairments has been shown in up to 20% of children with language problems.
- ECo-occurring disorders generally do not influence the course or treatment of specific learning disorder.
17Which of the following is not a criterion for the DSM-5 diagnosis of stereotypic movement disorder?
- AMotor behaviors are present that are repetitive, seemingly driven, and apparently purposeless.
- BOnset of the behaviors is in the early developmental period.
- CThe behaviors result in self-inflicted bodily injury that requires medical treatment.
- DThe behaviors are not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance or neurological condition or better explained by another neurodevelopmental or mental disorder.
- EThe behaviors interfere with social, academic, or other activities.
18At her child’s third office visit, the mother of an 8-year-old boy with a 6-month history of excessive eye blinking and intermittent chirping says that she has noticed the development of grunting sounds since he started school this term.
What is the most likely diagnosis?- ATourette’s disorder.
- BProvisional tic disorder.
- CTemporary tic disorder.
- DPersistent (chronic) vocal tic disorder.
- ETransient tic disorder, recurrent.
19Which of the following is not a DSM-5 diagnostic criterion for language disorder?
- APersistent difficulties in the acquisition and use of language across modalities due to deficits in comprehension or production.
- BLanguage abilities that are substantially and quantifiably below those expected for age.
- CSymptom onset in the early developmental period.
- DInability to attribute difficulties to hearing or other sensory impairment, motor dysfunction, or another medical or neurological condition.
- EFailure to meet criteria for mixed receptive-expressive language disorder or a pervasive developmental disorder.
20A 6-year-old boy is failing school and continues to struggle significantly with grammar, sentence construction, and vocabulary. When he speaks, he also interjects “and” in between all his words. His teacher reports that he requires
more verbal redirection than other students in order to stay on task. He is generally quiet and does not cause trouble otherwise. Which of the following diagnoses would be on your differential?- ALanguage disorder.
- BExpressive language disorder.
- CChildhood-onset fluency disorder.
- DAttention-deficient/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
- ELanguage disorder and ADHD.
21A 15-year-old boy with a prior diagnosis of Tourette’s disorder is referred to your care. His mother tells you that during middle school he was teased for having vocal and motor tics. Since starting ninth grade, his tics have become less frequent. Currently, only mild motor tics remain. What is the appropriate DSM-5 diagnosis?
- ATourette’s disorder.
- BPersistent (chronic) motor tic disorder.
- CProvisional tic disorder.
- DUnspecified tic disorder.
- EPersistent (chronic) vocal tic disorder.
22Assessment of co-occurring conditions is important for understanding the overall functional consequence of tics on an individual. Which of the following conditions has been associated with tic disorders?
- AAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
- BObsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
- COther movement disorders.
- DDepressive disorders.
23A 6-year-old boy with a history of mild language delay is brought to your office by his mother, who is concerned that he is being teased in school because he misinterprets nonverbal cues and speaks in overly formal language with his peers. She tells you that her son was in an early intervention program, but his written and spoken language is now at grade level. The boy does not have a history of repetitive movements, sensory issues, or ritualized behaviors. Although he prefers constancy, he adapts fairly well to new situations. Additionally, he has a long-standing interest in trains and cars and is able to recite for you all the car models he memorized from a book on the history of transportation. Which of the following disorders would be a primary consideration in the differential diagnosis?
- ASocial (pragmatic) communication disorder.
- BAutism spectrum disorder.
- CGlobal developmental delay.
- DLanguage disorder.
- EAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
24Which of the following statements about the development of speech as it applies to speech sound disorder is false?
- AMost children with speech sound disorder respond well to treatment.
- BSpeech sound production should be mostly intelligible by age 3 years.
- CMost speech sounds should be pronounced clearly and accurately according to age and community norms before age 10 years.
- DLisping may or may not be associated with speech sound disorder.
- EIt is abnormal for children to shorten words when they are learning to talk.
25A 7-year-old boy with mild to moderate developmental delay presents with a chronic history of wetting his clothes during the day about once weekly, even during school. He is now refusing to go to school for fear of wetting his pants and being ridiculed by his classmates. Which of the following statements accurately describes the diagnostic options regarding enuresis in this case?
- AHe should not be diagnosed with enuresis because the frequency is less than twice per week.
- BHe should be diagnosed with enuresis because the incontinence is resulting in impairment of age-appropriate role functioning.
- CHe should not be diagnosed with enuresis because his mental age is likely less than 5 years old.
- DHe should be diagnosed with enuresis, diurnal only subtype.
- EHe should not be diagnosed with enuresis because the events are restricted to the daytime.
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- Der Nutzer hat seine Fachbereichs-Information gelöscht. Quiz am Child Psychopathology Test A, erstellt von Gelöschter Nutzer am 05/03/2017.
- Autor
- Gelöschter Nutzer
- Sprache
- English
- Aufrufe
- 18
- Schlagwörter